Breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main ear
Purpose. To reveal breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for the “number of grains per main ear” trait and identify genetic sources of increased combining ability for involving in hybridization. Methods. Investigations were carried out at the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka I...
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| Language: | English |
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Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination
2017-09-01
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| Series: | Plant Varieties Studying and Protection |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.sops.gov.ua/article/view/110701 |
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| author | С. П. Васильківський В. М. Гудзенко О. А. Демидов О. Б. Барбан С. С. Коляденко І. В. Смульська |
| author_facet | С. П. Васильківський В. М. Гудзенко О. А. Демидов О. Б. Барбан С. С. Коляденко І. В. Смульська |
| author_sort | С. П. Васильківський |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose. To reveal breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for the “number of grains per main ear” trait and identify genetic sources of increased combining ability for involving in hybridization.
Methods. Investigations were carried out at the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS of Ukraine. Modern varieties of domestic (‘Virazh’, ‘Talisman Myronivskyi’, ‘Komandor’) and foreign (‘KWS Aliciana’, ‘KWS Bambina’, ‘Zhana’, ‘Explorer’) breeding were involved in crossing for a full (7´7) diallel scheme. Parents and F1 were studied in field conditions during 2014–2016.
Results. The analysis of variance of combining ability has shown a significant advantage in varying of general combining ability (GCA) effects. The mean square of specific combining ability (SCA) was significantly less than the GCA, but reliable throughout the years. The reciprocal effect was reliable only in 2014. Stably high effects of GCA during all years of investigations were noted in the varieties ‘KWS Aliciana’ (1.18–1.62) and ‘Virazh’ (1.33–1.48). The variety ‘KWS Bambina’ was characterized by lower but reliable positive effects of GCA (0.43–0.99) as compared to mentioned above. Non-allelic gene interaction was not found, that allowed to calculate the basic parameters of genetic variation. During all years of investigations, dominant effects of genes (H1 and H2) prevailed over the additive (D) ones in phenotypic expression of grain number per main ear. Mean degree of dominance in the experiment (H1/D) has shown overdominance. The same pattern was also distinctive for the index of mean degree of dominance in the loci . The dominance was reliably directed. Dominant effects of genes increased grain content, and recessive ones reduced it. At least 3–4 genes (groups of genes) have been revealed which determined the effects of dominance. At the same time, recessive genes (F<0) or gene effects were prevailed quantitatively in the varieties investigated. A high coefficient of heritability in broad sense (H2 = 0.98) has shown a significant determination of phenotypic variability with genetic factors. The coefficient of heritability in narrow sense (h2 = 0.66–0.68) confirmed that despite the advantage of dominant effects over the additive ones, the contribution of the latter was also significant.
Conclusions. The prevalence of dominant effects of genes in the phenotypic expression of the number of grains per main ear causes the need for sufficient sample size of hybrid material and points to the expediency of conducting a more “rigid” selection for phenotype in later generations. At the same time, the considerable contribution of additive effects and high values of heritability indices give reason to predict the efficiency of selections aimed at increasing the trait in created hybrid material. The varieties ‘Virazh’, ‘KWS Aliciana’, ‘KWS Bambina’ should be used as effective genetic sources to increase grain content in combination breeding. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-34b446b8b27f4e3bb3bb292c3531a2a2 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2518-1017 2518-7457 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-09-01 |
| publisher | Ukrainian Institute for Plant Variety Examination |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plant Varieties Studying and Protection |
| spelling | doaj-art-34b446b8b27f4e3bb3bb292c3531a2a22025-08-20T01:56:02ZengUkrainian Institute for Plant Variety ExaminationPlant Varieties Studying and Protection2518-10172518-74572017-09-0113321522310.21498/2518-1017.13.3.2017.110701110701Breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main earС. П. Васильківський0В. М. Гудзенко1О. А. Демидов2О. Б. Барбан3С. С. Коляденко4І. В. Смульська5The V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, NAAS of UkraineThe V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, NAAS of UkraineThe V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, NAAS of UkraineUkrainian Institute for Plant Variety ExaminationUkrainian Institute for Plant Variety ExaminationUkrainian Institute for Plant Variety ExaminationPurpose. To reveal breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for the “number of grains per main ear” trait and identify genetic sources of increased combining ability for involving in hybridization. Methods. Investigations were carried out at the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS of Ukraine. Modern varieties of domestic (‘Virazh’, ‘Talisman Myronivskyi’, ‘Komandor’) and foreign (‘KWS Aliciana’, ‘KWS Bambina’, ‘Zhana’, ‘Explorer’) breeding were involved in crossing for a full (7´7) diallel scheme. Parents and F1 were studied in field conditions during 2014–2016. Results. The analysis of variance of combining ability has shown a significant advantage in varying of general combining ability (GCA) effects. The mean square of specific combining ability (SCA) was significantly less than the GCA, but reliable throughout the years. The reciprocal effect was reliable only in 2014. Stably high effects of GCA during all years of investigations were noted in the varieties ‘KWS Aliciana’ (1.18–1.62) and ‘Virazh’ (1.33–1.48). The variety ‘KWS Bambina’ was characterized by lower but reliable positive effects of GCA (0.43–0.99) as compared to mentioned above. Non-allelic gene interaction was not found, that allowed to calculate the basic parameters of genetic variation. During all years of investigations, dominant effects of genes (H1 and H2) prevailed over the additive (D) ones in phenotypic expression of grain number per main ear. Mean degree of dominance in the experiment (H1/D) has shown overdominance. The same pattern was also distinctive for the index of mean degree of dominance in the loci . The dominance was reliably directed. Dominant effects of genes increased grain content, and recessive ones reduced it. At least 3–4 genes (groups of genes) have been revealed which determined the effects of dominance. At the same time, recessive genes (F<0) or gene effects were prevailed quantitatively in the varieties investigated. A high coefficient of heritability in broad sense (H2 = 0.98) has shown a significant determination of phenotypic variability with genetic factors. The coefficient of heritability in narrow sense (h2 = 0.66–0.68) confirmed that despite the advantage of dominant effects over the additive ones, the contribution of the latter was also significant. Conclusions. The prevalence of dominant effects of genes in the phenotypic expression of the number of grains per main ear causes the need for sufficient sample size of hybrid material and points to the expediency of conducting a more “rigid” selection for phenotype in later generations. At the same time, the considerable contribution of additive effects and high values of heritability indices give reason to predict the efficiency of selections aimed at increasing the trait in created hybrid material. The varieties ‘Virazh’, ‘KWS Aliciana’, ‘KWS Bambina’ should be used as effective genetic sources to increase grain content in combination breeding.http://journal.sops.gov.ua/article/view/110701spring barleydiallel crossingsbreeding and genetic characteristicsnumbers of grain per main eargenetic parameterscombining abilityheritabilitygenetic sources |
| spellingShingle | С. П. Васильківський В. М. Гудзенко О. А. Демидов О. Б. Барбан С. С. Коляденко І. В. Смульська Breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main ear Plant Varieties Studying and Protection spring barley diallel crossings breeding and genetic characteristics numbers of grain per main ear genetic parameters combining ability heritability genetic sources |
| title | Breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main ear |
| title_full | Breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main ear |
| title_fullStr | Breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main ear |
| title_full_unstemmed | Breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main ear |
| title_short | Breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main ear |
| title_sort | breeding and genetic peculiarities of modern spring barley varieties for grain number per main ear |
| topic | spring barley diallel crossings breeding and genetic characteristics numbers of grain per main ear genetic parameters combining ability heritability genetic sources |
| url | http://journal.sops.gov.ua/article/view/110701 |
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