The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes
Inflammation plays an essential role in the control of pathogens and in shaping the ensuing adaptive immune responses. Traditionally, innate immunity has been described as a rapid response triggered through generic and nonspecific means that by definition lacks the ability to remember. Recently, it...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1467538 |
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| author | David Alex Cronkite Tara M. Strutt |
| author_facet | David Alex Cronkite Tara M. Strutt |
| author_sort | David Alex Cronkite |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inflammation plays an essential role in the control of pathogens and in shaping the ensuing adaptive immune responses. Traditionally, innate immunity has been described as a rapid response triggered through generic and nonspecific means that by definition lacks the ability to remember. Recently, it has become clear that some innate immune cells are epigenetically reprogrammed or “imprinted” by past experiences. These “trained” innate immune cells display altered inflammatory responses upon subsequent pathogen encounter. Remembrance of past pathogen encounters has classically been attributed to cohorts of antigen-specific memory T and B cells following the resolution of infection. During recall responses, memory T and B cells quickly respond by proliferating, producing effector cytokines, and performing various effector functions. An often-overlooked effector function of memory CD4 and CD8 T cells is the promotion of an inflammatory milieu at the initial site of infection that mirrors the primary encounter. This memory-conditioned inflammatory response, in conjunction with other secondary effector T cell functions, results in better control and more rapid resolution of both infection and the associated tissue pathology. Recent advancements in our understanding of inflammatory triggers, imprinting of the innate immune responses, and the role of T cell memory in regulating inflammation are discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-34a088b7e75d4ca29e6215df561beb1e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-34a088b7e75d4ca29e6215df561beb1e2025-08-20T02:24:07ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562018-01-01201810.1155/2018/14675381467538The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive LymphocytesDavid Alex Cronkite0Tara M. Strutt1College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32827, USAImmunity and Pathogenesis Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32827, USAInflammation plays an essential role in the control of pathogens and in shaping the ensuing adaptive immune responses. Traditionally, innate immunity has been described as a rapid response triggered through generic and nonspecific means that by definition lacks the ability to remember. Recently, it has become clear that some innate immune cells are epigenetically reprogrammed or “imprinted” by past experiences. These “trained” innate immune cells display altered inflammatory responses upon subsequent pathogen encounter. Remembrance of past pathogen encounters has classically been attributed to cohorts of antigen-specific memory T and B cells following the resolution of infection. During recall responses, memory T and B cells quickly respond by proliferating, producing effector cytokines, and performing various effector functions. An often-overlooked effector function of memory CD4 and CD8 T cells is the promotion of an inflammatory milieu at the initial site of infection that mirrors the primary encounter. This memory-conditioned inflammatory response, in conjunction with other secondary effector T cell functions, results in better control and more rapid resolution of both infection and the associated tissue pathology. Recent advancements in our understanding of inflammatory triggers, imprinting of the innate immune responses, and the role of T cell memory in regulating inflammation are discussed.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1467538 |
| spellingShingle | David Alex Cronkite Tara M. Strutt The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes |
| title_full | The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes |
| title_fullStr | The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes |
| title_short | The Regulation of Inflammation by Innate and Adaptive Lymphocytes |
| title_sort | regulation of inflammation by innate and adaptive lymphocytes |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1467538 |
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