Contribution of Sex Differences to Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

Sex differences are a complex and crucial variable in developing and progressing metabolic and cardiovascular disease pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. The female sex, compared to the male sex, is protected from metabolic disturbances and their resulting cardiovascular events. However, the pecu...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lucy C. Taylor, Gertrude Arthur, Marcella de Carvalho Cruz, David E. Stec, Olufunto O. Badmus
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:International Journal of Translational Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8937/4/4/52
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850059452825206784
author Lucy C. Taylor
Gertrude Arthur
Marcella de Carvalho Cruz
David E. Stec
Olufunto O. Badmus
author_facet Lucy C. Taylor
Gertrude Arthur
Marcella de Carvalho Cruz
David E. Stec
Olufunto O. Badmus
author_sort Lucy C. Taylor
collection DOAJ
description Sex differences are a complex and crucial variable in developing and progressing metabolic and cardiovascular disease pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. The female sex, compared to the male sex, is protected from metabolic disturbances and their resulting cardiovascular events. However, the peculiar life phases associated with females, such as puberty, pregnancy, and premenopausal and menopausal stages, are all associated with different risks for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a condition of hepatic steatosis, and at least one feature of metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The risk of MASLD and its progression to the development of CVD differs between men and women. Differences in several factors, including formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2, adipose tissue distribution, liver pyruvate kinase (LPK), and ketone body production, may underlie the sex differences in the risk of development of MASLD-induced CVD. Understanding the specific risk factors involved in the development and progression of MASLD between the sexes is crucial. This knowledge will provide important insights into the mechanisms responsible for its cardiovascular complications and can potentially lead to therapeutics targeted explicitly for each sex, offering new hope in the fight against MASLD-induced CVD.
format Article
id doaj-art-343964d543ca4e1d836bf79587f81ed3
institution DOAJ
issn 2673-8937
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series International Journal of Translational Medicine
spelling doaj-art-343964d543ca4e1d836bf79587f81ed32025-08-20T02:50:53ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Translational Medicine2673-89372024-12-014478280910.3390/ijtm4040052Contribution of Sex Differences to Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)Lucy C. Taylor0Gertrude Arthur1Marcella de Carvalho Cruz2David E. Stec3Olufunto O. Badmus4Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MI 39216, USADepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MI 39216, USADepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MI 39216, USADepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MI 39216, USADepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, Cardiovascular-Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MI 39216, USASex differences are a complex and crucial variable in developing and progressing metabolic and cardiovascular disease pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. The female sex, compared to the male sex, is protected from metabolic disturbances and their resulting cardiovascular events. However, the peculiar life phases associated with females, such as puberty, pregnancy, and premenopausal and menopausal stages, are all associated with different risks for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a condition of hepatic steatosis, and at least one feature of metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The risk of MASLD and its progression to the development of CVD differs between men and women. Differences in several factors, including formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2, adipose tissue distribution, liver pyruvate kinase (LPK), and ketone body production, may underlie the sex differences in the risk of development of MASLD-induced CVD. Understanding the specific risk factors involved in the development and progression of MASLD between the sexes is crucial. This knowledge will provide important insights into the mechanisms responsible for its cardiovascular complications and can potentially lead to therapeutics targeted explicitly for each sex, offering new hope in the fight against MASLD-induced CVD.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8937/4/4/52fatty liver diseasesex differencesestrogensexual dimorphism
spellingShingle Lucy C. Taylor
Gertrude Arthur
Marcella de Carvalho Cruz
David E. Stec
Olufunto O. Badmus
Contribution of Sex Differences to Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
International Journal of Translational Medicine
fatty liver disease
sex differences
estrogen
sexual dimorphism
title Contribution of Sex Differences to Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
title_full Contribution of Sex Differences to Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
title_fullStr Contribution of Sex Differences to Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
title_full_unstemmed Contribution of Sex Differences to Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
title_short Contribution of Sex Differences to Development of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
title_sort contribution of sex differences to development of cardiovascular disease in metabolic associated steatotic liver disease masld
topic fatty liver disease
sex differences
estrogen
sexual dimorphism
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8937/4/4/52
work_keys_str_mv AT lucyctaylor contributionofsexdifferencestodevelopmentofcardiovasculardiseaseinmetabolicassociatedsteatoticliverdiseasemasld
AT gertrudearthur contributionofsexdifferencestodevelopmentofcardiovasculardiseaseinmetabolicassociatedsteatoticliverdiseasemasld
AT marcelladecarvalhocruz contributionofsexdifferencestodevelopmentofcardiovasculardiseaseinmetabolicassociatedsteatoticliverdiseasemasld
AT davidestec contributionofsexdifferencestodevelopmentofcardiovasculardiseaseinmetabolicassociatedsteatoticliverdiseasemasld
AT olufuntoobadmus contributionofsexdifferencestodevelopmentofcardiovasculardiseaseinmetabolicassociatedsteatoticliverdiseasemasld