Exploring BMI's mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride-glucose index: using NHANES and CHARLS cohorts

ObjectiveThis investigation employed population-based datasets to elucidate the pathophysiological interplay between triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and quantify the extent to which body mass index (BMI) operates as a biological mediator within this associ...

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Main Authors: Yimeng Jia, Shuo Zhang, Junjie Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1593413/full
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author Yimeng Jia
Shuo Zhang
Junjie Liu
Junjie Liu
author_facet Yimeng Jia
Shuo Zhang
Junjie Liu
Junjie Liu
author_sort Yimeng Jia
collection DOAJ
description ObjectiveThis investigation employed population-based datasets to elucidate the pathophysiological interplay between triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and quantify the extent to which body mass index (BMI) operates as a biological mediator within this association, utilizing a dual-cohort analytical framework.MethodsIn this study, 17,976 Americans from the NHANES (1999–2020) and 6,218 Chinese from the CHARLS (2011–2020) were included. To investigate the intricate link between the TyG index, BMI and CVD, researchers employed weighted multiple logistic regression, linear regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, mediation analysis, and subgroup analysis.ResultsAmong the study population, 1,895 Americans and 1,798 Chinese were diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The regression analysis indicated that individuals in the higher quartile of the TyG index had a significantly greater risk of developing CVD (NHANES: P < 0.01, 95% CI: 1.11–1.78; CHARLS: P < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.37–1.89). In both surveys, participants with elevated TyG indices and BMI levels exhibited the highest incidence of CVD. The TyG index significantly affected CVD in both the NHANES and CHARLS cohorts. The total effect in the NHANES cohort was 1.438 × 10−3 (P < 0.001), and in the CHARLS cohort, it was 0.007 (P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn this study, two independent cross-sectional cohort studies demonstrated significant positive correlations among TyG, BMI, and CVD. Multivariate analyses identified BMI as a partial mediator in the TyG-CVD pathway, with robust effect magnitudes remaining stable after controlling for age, sex, and other confounders.
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spelling doaj-art-34281111a8634d3fae80e65b6f14e2662025-08-20T02:33:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2025-06-011210.3389/fcvm.2025.15934131593413Exploring BMI's mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride-glucose index: using NHANES and CHARLS cohortsYimeng Jia0Shuo Zhang1Junjie Liu2Junjie Liu3College of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, ChinaCollege of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, ChinaCollege of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, ChinaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, ChinaObjectiveThis investigation employed population-based datasets to elucidate the pathophysiological interplay between triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and quantify the extent to which body mass index (BMI) operates as a biological mediator within this association, utilizing a dual-cohort analytical framework.MethodsIn this study, 17,976 Americans from the NHANES (1999–2020) and 6,218 Chinese from the CHARLS (2011–2020) were included. To investigate the intricate link between the TyG index, BMI and CVD, researchers employed weighted multiple logistic regression, linear regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, mediation analysis, and subgroup analysis.ResultsAmong the study population, 1,895 Americans and 1,798 Chinese were diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The regression analysis indicated that individuals in the higher quartile of the TyG index had a significantly greater risk of developing CVD (NHANES: P < 0.01, 95% CI: 1.11–1.78; CHARLS: P < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.37–1.89). In both surveys, participants with elevated TyG indices and BMI levels exhibited the highest incidence of CVD. The TyG index significantly affected CVD in both the NHANES and CHARLS cohorts. The total effect in the NHANES cohort was 1.438 × 10−3 (P < 0.001), and in the CHARLS cohort, it was 0.007 (P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn this study, two independent cross-sectional cohort studies demonstrated significant positive correlations among TyG, BMI, and CVD. Multivariate analyses identified BMI as a partial mediator in the TyG-CVD pathway, with robust effect magnitudes remaining stable after controlling for age, sex, and other confounders.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1593413/fullcardiovascular diseasetriglyceride-glucose indexbody mass indexmediation analysisNHANESCHARLS
spellingShingle Yimeng Jia
Shuo Zhang
Junjie Liu
Junjie Liu
Exploring BMI's mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride-glucose index: using NHANES and CHARLS cohorts
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
cardiovascular disease
triglyceride-glucose index
body mass index
mediation analysis
NHANES
CHARLS
title Exploring BMI's mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride-glucose index: using NHANES and CHARLS cohorts
title_full Exploring BMI's mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride-glucose index: using NHANES and CHARLS cohorts
title_fullStr Exploring BMI's mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride-glucose index: using NHANES and CHARLS cohorts
title_full_unstemmed Exploring BMI's mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride-glucose index: using NHANES and CHARLS cohorts
title_short Exploring BMI's mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride-glucose index: using NHANES and CHARLS cohorts
title_sort exploring bmi s mediating influence on cardiovascular risk correlations with the triglyceride glucose index using nhanes and charls cohorts
topic cardiovascular disease
triglyceride-glucose index
body mass index
mediation analysis
NHANES
CHARLS
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1593413/full
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