Adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: the PERSIAN Dena cohort study

Abstract The relationship between lifestyle choices and health outcomes has received significant scholarly attention. Research indicates that factors such as obesity, insufficient physical activity, tobacco use, and poor dietary habits may elevate the odds of developing metabolic disorders. This stu...

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Main Authors: Mohammad-Reza Jowshan, Abdollah Pourjavid, Farshad Amirkhizi, Mohammad-Hossein Hosseini, Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour, Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki, Amin Hossaini Motlagh, Somayyeh Asghari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-02-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89028-7
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author Mohammad-Reza Jowshan
Abdollah Pourjavid
Farshad Amirkhizi
Mohammad-Hossein Hosseini
Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour
Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki
Amin Hossaini Motlagh
Somayyeh Asghari
author_facet Mohammad-Reza Jowshan
Abdollah Pourjavid
Farshad Amirkhizi
Mohammad-Hossein Hosseini
Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour
Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki
Amin Hossaini Motlagh
Somayyeh Asghari
author_sort Mohammad-Reza Jowshan
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The relationship between lifestyle choices and health outcomes has received significant scholarly attention. Research indicates that factors such as obesity, insufficient physical activity, tobacco use, and poor dietary habits may elevate the odds of developing metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the association between the combined healthy lifestyle score (HLS) and the odds of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated components in a population of apparently healthy adults. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Dena PERSIAN cohort, which comprised 2,971 healthy adults. Participants’ combined HLS were evaluated using validated questionnaires that assessed body mass index (BMI), physical activity level (PAL), smoking status, and dietary quality. The evaluation of dietary nutritional quality was conducted using the most recent version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), known as HEI-2020. The combined HLS was measured on a scale ranging from zero, indicating an unhealthy lifestyle, to four, representing the healthiest lifestyle. Individuals with the highest combined HLS score had 81% lower odds of having MetS compared to those with the lowest score (OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.11–0.33). Higher combined HLS scores were significantly associated with decreased odds of abdominal adiposity (OR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.07–0.18), abnormal glucose homeostasis (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.35–0.86), elevated serum triglycerides (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.26–0.67), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.24–0.65) after adjusting for sex, age, education level, and marital status (P < 0.05). The findings indicated a significant association between adherence to a combined HLS and a decreased odds of developing MetS and its associated components among Iranian adults.
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spelling doaj-art-33d64a0d2bf34d36913058ec43627be42025-08-20T02:13:19ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-89028-7Adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: the PERSIAN Dena cohort studyMohammad-Reza Jowshan0Abdollah Pourjavid1Farshad Amirkhizi2Mohammad-Hossein Hosseini3Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour4Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki5Amin Hossaini Motlagh6Somayyeh Asghari7Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesStudent Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Yasuj University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract The relationship between lifestyle choices and health outcomes has received significant scholarly attention. Research indicates that factors such as obesity, insufficient physical activity, tobacco use, and poor dietary habits may elevate the odds of developing metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the association between the combined healthy lifestyle score (HLS) and the odds of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated components in a population of apparently healthy adults. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Dena PERSIAN cohort, which comprised 2,971 healthy adults. Participants’ combined HLS were evaluated using validated questionnaires that assessed body mass index (BMI), physical activity level (PAL), smoking status, and dietary quality. The evaluation of dietary nutritional quality was conducted using the most recent version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), known as HEI-2020. The combined HLS was measured on a scale ranging from zero, indicating an unhealthy lifestyle, to four, representing the healthiest lifestyle. Individuals with the highest combined HLS score had 81% lower odds of having MetS compared to those with the lowest score (OR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.11–0.33). Higher combined HLS scores were significantly associated with decreased odds of abdominal adiposity (OR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.07–0.18), abnormal glucose homeostasis (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.35–0.86), elevated serum triglycerides (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.26–0.67), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.24–0.65) after adjusting for sex, age, education level, and marital status (P < 0.05). The findings indicated a significant association between adherence to a combined HLS and a decreased odds of developing MetS and its associated components among Iranian adults.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89028-7Metabolic syndromeLifestyle factorsHealthy lifestyle scorePersian cohort
spellingShingle Mohammad-Reza Jowshan
Abdollah Pourjavid
Farshad Amirkhizi
Mohammad-Hossein Hosseini
Mohammad-Amin Zolghadrpour
Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki
Amin Hossaini Motlagh
Somayyeh Asghari
Adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: the PERSIAN Dena cohort study
Scientific Reports
Metabolic syndrome
Lifestyle factors
Healthy lifestyle score
Persian cohort
title Adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: the PERSIAN Dena cohort study
title_full Adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: the PERSIAN Dena cohort study
title_fullStr Adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: the PERSIAN Dena cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: the PERSIAN Dena cohort study
title_short Adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults: the PERSIAN Dena cohort study
title_sort adherence to combined healthy lifestyle and odds of metabolic syndrome in iranian adults the persian dena cohort study
topic Metabolic syndrome
Lifestyle factors
Healthy lifestyle score
Persian cohort
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89028-7
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