Human Calmodulin-Like Protein CALML3: A Novel Marker for Normal Oral Squamous Mucosa That Is Downregulated in Malignant Transformation
Oral cancer is often diagnosed only at advanced stages due to a lack of reliable disease markers. The purpose of this study was to determine if the epithelial-specific human calmodulin-like protein (CALML3) could be used as marker for the various phases of oral tumor progression. Immunohistochemical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Dentistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/592843 |
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| author | Michael D. Brooks Richard D. Bennett Amy L. Weaver Thomas J. Sebo Steven E. Eckert Emanuel E. Strehler Alan B. Carr |
| author_facet | Michael D. Brooks Richard D. Bennett Amy L. Weaver Thomas J. Sebo Steven E. Eckert Emanuel E. Strehler Alan B. Carr |
| author_sort | Michael D. Brooks |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral cancer is often diagnosed only at advanced stages due to a lack of reliable disease markers. The purpose of this study was to determine if the epithelial-specific human calmodulin-like protein (CALML3) could be used as marker for the various phases of oral tumor progression. Immunohistochemical analysis using an affinity-purified CALML3 antibody was performed on biopsy-confirmed oral tissue samples representing these phases. A total of 90 tissue specimens were derived from 52 patients. Each specimen was analyzed in the superficial and basal mucosal cell layers for overall staining and staining of cellular subcompartments. CALML3 was strongly expressed in benign oral mucosal cells with downregulation of expression as squamous cells progress to invasive carcinoma. Based on the Cochran-Armitage test for trend, expression in the nucleus and at the cytoplasmic membrane significantly decreased with increasing disease severity. Chi-square test showed that benign tissue specimens had significantly more expression compared to dysplasia/CIS and invasive specimens. Dysplasia/CIS tissue had significantly more expression than invasive tissue. We conclude that CALML3 is expressed in benign oral mucosal cells with a statistically significant trend in downregulation as tumorigenesis occurs. CALML3 may thus be a sensitive new marker for oral cancer screening. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-33c26e94d84e42c3b88b3ec605e61823 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8728 1687-8736 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Dentistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-33c26e94d84e42c3b88b3ec605e618232025-02-03T01:27:49ZengWileyInternational Journal of Dentistry1687-87281687-87362013-01-01201310.1155/2013/592843592843Human Calmodulin-Like Protein CALML3: A Novel Marker for Normal Oral Squamous Mucosa That Is Downregulated in Malignant TransformationMichael D. Brooks0Richard D. Bennett1Amy L. Weaver2Thomas J. Sebo3Steven E. Eckert4Emanuel E. Strehler5Alan B. Carr6Peninsula Prosthodontics, 19365 7th Avenue NE, Suite 114, Poulsbo, WA 98370, USAPhysician Assistant Program, University of Charleston, 2300 MacCorkle Avenue SE, Riggleman Hall 130, Charleston, WV 25304, USADepartment of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USADepartment of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USADepartment of Dental Specialties, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USADepartment of Dental Specialties, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USAOral cancer is often diagnosed only at advanced stages due to a lack of reliable disease markers. The purpose of this study was to determine if the epithelial-specific human calmodulin-like protein (CALML3) could be used as marker for the various phases of oral tumor progression. Immunohistochemical analysis using an affinity-purified CALML3 antibody was performed on biopsy-confirmed oral tissue samples representing these phases. A total of 90 tissue specimens were derived from 52 patients. Each specimen was analyzed in the superficial and basal mucosal cell layers for overall staining and staining of cellular subcompartments. CALML3 was strongly expressed in benign oral mucosal cells with downregulation of expression as squamous cells progress to invasive carcinoma. Based on the Cochran-Armitage test for trend, expression in the nucleus and at the cytoplasmic membrane significantly decreased with increasing disease severity. Chi-square test showed that benign tissue specimens had significantly more expression compared to dysplasia/CIS and invasive specimens. Dysplasia/CIS tissue had significantly more expression than invasive tissue. We conclude that CALML3 is expressed in benign oral mucosal cells with a statistically significant trend in downregulation as tumorigenesis occurs. CALML3 may thus be a sensitive new marker for oral cancer screening.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/592843 |
| spellingShingle | Michael D. Brooks Richard D. Bennett Amy L. Weaver Thomas J. Sebo Steven E. Eckert Emanuel E. Strehler Alan B. Carr Human Calmodulin-Like Protein CALML3: A Novel Marker for Normal Oral Squamous Mucosa That Is Downregulated in Malignant Transformation International Journal of Dentistry |
| title | Human Calmodulin-Like Protein CALML3: A Novel Marker for Normal Oral Squamous Mucosa That Is Downregulated in Malignant Transformation |
| title_full | Human Calmodulin-Like Protein CALML3: A Novel Marker for Normal Oral Squamous Mucosa That Is Downregulated in Malignant Transformation |
| title_fullStr | Human Calmodulin-Like Protein CALML3: A Novel Marker for Normal Oral Squamous Mucosa That Is Downregulated in Malignant Transformation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human Calmodulin-Like Protein CALML3: A Novel Marker for Normal Oral Squamous Mucosa That Is Downregulated in Malignant Transformation |
| title_short | Human Calmodulin-Like Protein CALML3: A Novel Marker for Normal Oral Squamous Mucosa That Is Downregulated in Malignant Transformation |
| title_sort | human calmodulin like protein calml3 a novel marker for normal oral squamous mucosa that is downregulated in malignant transformation |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/592843 |
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