Urban Expansion and Land Use Transformations in Midnapore City (2003–2024): Implications for Sustainable Development
Amidst global shifts in land use patterns due to urbanization, this study focuses on the rapid land use and land cover (LULC) changes in Midnapore City during the periods 2003–2014 and 2014–2024. The study employs Landsat 5 and 8 imagery with 30 m spatial resolution which were processed through Maxi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Earth |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4834/6/2/50 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850156369237245952 |
|---|---|
| author | Rakesh Ranjan Thakur Debabrata Nandi Anoop Kumar Shukla Subhasmita Das Sasmita Chand Pankaj Singha Roshan Beuria Chetan Sharma |
| author_facet | Rakesh Ranjan Thakur Debabrata Nandi Anoop Kumar Shukla Subhasmita Das Sasmita Chand Pankaj Singha Roshan Beuria Chetan Sharma |
| author_sort | Rakesh Ranjan Thakur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Amidst global shifts in land use patterns due to urbanization, this study focuses on the rapid land use and land cover (LULC) changes in Midnapore City during the periods 2003–2014 and 2014–2024. The study employs Landsat 5 and 8 imagery with 30 m spatial resolution which were processed through Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC) algorithms. The results were attained through ArcGIS 10.2.2 and ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 software, with ground-truth validation using data from 117, 111, and 116 points for 2024, 2014, and 2003, respectively. For the validation, the kappa coefficient was calculated and achieved 87.3%, 88.1%, and 81.7% for 2024, 2014, and 2003, indicating substantial accuracy. Using statistical measures such as change matrix union, binary logistic regression, and correlation matrix analysis applied to classified LULC outputs and spatial drivers, the research highlights significant transformations in the region. The study reveals significant transformations, notably the conversion of 77% of forest areas and 5% of fallow land to built-up land. The increased rate of agricultural land conversion to built-up areas is evident after 2014, indicating rapid urban growth. These factors led to the reduction of LULC classes possessing substantial ecological value like forests and scrub lands which are becoming more accessible due to the increasing population. The results point out the drastic alteration of these developments and recommend a planning approach responsive to environmental needs for safeguarded ecological impacts. The research highlights the importance of reforestation, preservation of water bodies, and socio-economic surveillance in fostering urban management and sustainable development in Midnapore City. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-33bd2db884ff4e5fbd2e370ae40a6ea4 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2673-4834 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth |
| spelling | doaj-art-33bd2db884ff4e5fbd2e370ae40a6ea42025-08-20T02:24:34ZengMDPI AGEarth2673-48342025-06-01625010.3390/earth6020050Urban Expansion and Land Use Transformations in Midnapore City (2003–2024): Implications for Sustainable DevelopmentRakesh Ranjan Thakur0Debabrata Nandi1Anoop Kumar Shukla2Subhasmita Das3Sasmita Chand4Pankaj Singha5Roshan Beuria6Chetan Sharma7Centre of Remote Sensing and Disaster Management, School of Civil Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, IndiaDepartment of Remote Sensing & GIS, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada 757003, Odisha, IndiaManipal School of Architecture and Planning, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Remote Sensing & GIS, Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University, Baripada 757003, Odisha, IndiaManipal School of Architecture and Planning, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, IndiaSchool of Public Policy, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, IndiaCentre for Environment and Climate, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, IndiaSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Construction Management, College of Engineering and Integrated Design, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USAAmidst global shifts in land use patterns due to urbanization, this study focuses on the rapid land use and land cover (LULC) changes in Midnapore City during the periods 2003–2014 and 2014–2024. The study employs Landsat 5 and 8 imagery with 30 m spatial resolution which were processed through Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC) algorithms. The results were attained through ArcGIS 10.2.2 and ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 software, with ground-truth validation using data from 117, 111, and 116 points for 2024, 2014, and 2003, respectively. For the validation, the kappa coefficient was calculated and achieved 87.3%, 88.1%, and 81.7% for 2024, 2014, and 2003, indicating substantial accuracy. Using statistical measures such as change matrix union, binary logistic regression, and correlation matrix analysis applied to classified LULC outputs and spatial drivers, the research highlights significant transformations in the region. The study reveals significant transformations, notably the conversion of 77% of forest areas and 5% of fallow land to built-up land. The increased rate of agricultural land conversion to built-up areas is evident after 2014, indicating rapid urban growth. These factors led to the reduction of LULC classes possessing substantial ecological value like forests and scrub lands which are becoming more accessible due to the increasing population. The results point out the drastic alteration of these developments and recommend a planning approach responsive to environmental needs for safeguarded ecological impacts. The research highlights the importance of reforestation, preservation of water bodies, and socio-economic surveillance in fostering urban management and sustainable development in Midnapore City.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4834/6/2/50land use and land coverbinary logistic regressionchange matrix unioncorrelation matrix analysis |
| spellingShingle | Rakesh Ranjan Thakur Debabrata Nandi Anoop Kumar Shukla Subhasmita Das Sasmita Chand Pankaj Singha Roshan Beuria Chetan Sharma Urban Expansion and Land Use Transformations in Midnapore City (2003–2024): Implications for Sustainable Development Earth land use and land cover binary logistic regression change matrix union correlation matrix analysis |
| title | Urban Expansion and Land Use Transformations in Midnapore City (2003–2024): Implications for Sustainable Development |
| title_full | Urban Expansion and Land Use Transformations in Midnapore City (2003–2024): Implications for Sustainable Development |
| title_fullStr | Urban Expansion and Land Use Transformations in Midnapore City (2003–2024): Implications for Sustainable Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Urban Expansion and Land Use Transformations in Midnapore City (2003–2024): Implications for Sustainable Development |
| title_short | Urban Expansion and Land Use Transformations in Midnapore City (2003–2024): Implications for Sustainable Development |
| title_sort | urban expansion and land use transformations in midnapore city 2003 2024 implications for sustainable development |
| topic | land use and land cover binary logistic regression change matrix union correlation matrix analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4834/6/2/50 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rakeshranjanthakur urbanexpansionandlandusetransformationsinmidnaporecity20032024implicationsforsustainabledevelopment AT debabratanandi urbanexpansionandlandusetransformationsinmidnaporecity20032024implicationsforsustainabledevelopment AT anoopkumarshukla urbanexpansionandlandusetransformationsinmidnaporecity20032024implicationsforsustainabledevelopment AT subhasmitadas urbanexpansionandlandusetransformationsinmidnaporecity20032024implicationsforsustainabledevelopment AT sasmitachand urbanexpansionandlandusetransformationsinmidnaporecity20032024implicationsforsustainabledevelopment AT pankajsingha urbanexpansionandlandusetransformationsinmidnaporecity20032024implicationsforsustainabledevelopment AT roshanbeuria urbanexpansionandlandusetransformationsinmidnaporecity20032024implicationsforsustainabledevelopment AT chetansharma urbanexpansionandlandusetransformationsinmidnaporecity20032024implicationsforsustainabledevelopment |