Modelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre-radius technique and sparrow search algorithm

Abstract The modelling and optimization of a manufacturing systems in the context of sustainable production under uncertainty remain a pivotal focus in control theory. The goal of this research is to develop a robust decision-making framework for a production-inventory system characterised by imperf...

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Main Authors: Hachen Ali, Md Sadikur Rahman, Ali Akbar Shaikh, Adel Fahad Alrasheedi, Jeonghwan Gwak
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-06-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02325-z
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author Hachen Ali
Md Sadikur Rahman
Ali Akbar Shaikh
Adel Fahad Alrasheedi
Jeonghwan Gwak
author_facet Hachen Ali
Md Sadikur Rahman
Ali Akbar Shaikh
Adel Fahad Alrasheedi
Jeonghwan Gwak
author_sort Hachen Ali
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The modelling and optimization of a manufacturing systems in the context of sustainable production under uncertainty remain a pivotal focus in control theory. The goal of this research is to develop a robust decision-making framework for a production-inventory system characterised by imperfect production with reworking processes, and interval valued non-linear demand rate which is dependent on green level, selling price, warranty period, and time. This study also considers the impact of carbon emission regulation taxes to demonstrate how CO2 emission control influences the best-found policy of the proposed system. To fulfil the goal, an interval-valued optimal control problem (IVOCP) is constructed using generalised variational principle and corresponding highly nonlinear interval maximization problem is obtained. To tackle this interval optimisation problem, an improved c-r optimisation technique and the meta-heuristic algorithm Sparrow Search algorithm (SSA) are employed. The best-found solution for the corresponding problem is numerically illustrated through four distinct scenarios based on the presence of green investment levels and warranty periods in the demand rate. The obtained best found results are compared by some other metaheuristic algorithms. Additionally, statistical tests and non-parametric tests are conducted to assess the effectiveness, consistency, and stability of the algorithms. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses have been made to observe how inventory system parameters impact the optimal policy. Based on these analyses, managerial insights are derived to aid in decision-making processes.
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spelling doaj-art-339db504ac07444aa0edf72416e31e2d2025-08-20T03:10:39ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-06-0115113310.1038/s41598-025-02325-zModelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre-radius technique and sparrow search algorithmHachen Ali0Md Sadikur Rahman1Ali Akbar Shaikh2Adel Fahad Alrasheedi3Jeonghwan Gwak4Department of Mathematics, The University of BurdwanDepartment of Mathematics, Khalisani MahavidyalayaDepartment of Mathematics, The University of BurdwanDepartment of Statistics and Operations Research, College of Science, King Saud UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Korea National University of TransportationAbstract The modelling and optimization of a manufacturing systems in the context of sustainable production under uncertainty remain a pivotal focus in control theory. The goal of this research is to develop a robust decision-making framework for a production-inventory system characterised by imperfect production with reworking processes, and interval valued non-linear demand rate which is dependent on green level, selling price, warranty period, and time. This study also considers the impact of carbon emission regulation taxes to demonstrate how CO2 emission control influences the best-found policy of the proposed system. To fulfil the goal, an interval-valued optimal control problem (IVOCP) is constructed using generalised variational principle and corresponding highly nonlinear interval maximization problem is obtained. To tackle this interval optimisation problem, an improved c-r optimisation technique and the meta-heuristic algorithm Sparrow Search algorithm (SSA) are employed. The best-found solution for the corresponding problem is numerically illustrated through four distinct scenarios based on the presence of green investment levels and warranty periods in the demand rate. The obtained best found results are compared by some other metaheuristic algorithms. Additionally, statistical tests and non-parametric tests are conducted to assess the effectiveness, consistency, and stability of the algorithms. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses have been made to observe how inventory system parameters impact the optimal policy. Based on these analyses, managerial insights are derived to aid in decision-making processes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02325-zImperfect production with reworkingGreennessWarranty periodCarbon-emissionInterval variational calculusSSA algorithm
spellingShingle Hachen Ali
Md Sadikur Rahman
Ali Akbar Shaikh
Adel Fahad Alrasheedi
Jeonghwan Gwak
Modelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre-radius technique and sparrow search algorithm
Scientific Reports
Imperfect production with reworking
Greenness
Warranty period
Carbon-emission
Interval variational calculus
SSA algorithm
title Modelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre-radius technique and sparrow search algorithm
title_full Modelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre-radius technique and sparrow search algorithm
title_fullStr Modelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre-radius technique and sparrow search algorithm
title_full_unstemmed Modelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre-radius technique and sparrow search algorithm
title_short Modelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre-radius technique and sparrow search algorithm
title_sort modelling of an imprecise sustainable production control problem with interval valued demand via improved centre radius technique and sparrow search algorithm
topic Imperfect production with reworking
Greenness
Warranty period
Carbon-emission
Interval variational calculus
SSA algorithm
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02325-z
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