SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Sequelae in Febrile Patients in Six Hospitals along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar Borders, 2022-2023

Background: Reports of persistent symptoms after COVID-19 infection have raised concern about post-COVID conditions (PCC). We describe patient characteristics and risk factors for COVID-19 infection and PCC at six months after enrollment in febrile patients presenting to six hospitals in Nakhon Phan...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dr Saithip Bhengsri, Dr. Emily Bloss, Dr. Pongpun Sawatwong, Dr. Nuttagarn Chuenchom, Dr. Tanaphat Lertwitayakumjorn, Dr. Barameht Piralam, Mr. Samkan Chaoprasert, Mr. Tuwan Simmali, Ms. Pornpan Bungkanjana, Dr. James D Heffelfinger, Dr. Anupong Sujariyakul
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224007926
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850043207299104768
author Dr Saithip Bhengsri
Dr. Emily Bloss
Dr. Pongpun Sawatwong
Dr. Nuttagarn Chuenchom
Dr. Tanaphat Lertwitayakumjorn
Dr. Barameht Piralam
Mr. Samkan Chaoprasert
Mr. Tuwan Simmali
Ms. Pornpan Bungkanjana
Dr. James D Heffelfinger
Dr. Anupong Sujariyakul
author_facet Dr Saithip Bhengsri
Dr. Emily Bloss
Dr. Pongpun Sawatwong
Dr. Nuttagarn Chuenchom
Dr. Tanaphat Lertwitayakumjorn
Dr. Barameht Piralam
Mr. Samkan Chaoprasert
Mr. Tuwan Simmali
Ms. Pornpan Bungkanjana
Dr. James D Heffelfinger
Dr. Anupong Sujariyakul
author_sort Dr Saithip Bhengsri
collection DOAJ
description Background: Reports of persistent symptoms after COVID-19 infection have raised concern about post-COVID conditions (PCC). We describe patient characteristics and risk factors for COVID-19 infection and PCC at six months after enrollment in febrile patients presenting to six hospitals in Nakhon Phanom and Tak provinces, along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar borders, respectively. Methods: During June 2022-May 2023, we enrolled patients aged >2 years presenting to outpatient departments/emergency rooms with temperature ≥37.5°C or history of fever ≤14 days. Saliva, nasal and nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using real-time RT-PCR. Interviews and medical record reviews were conducted. Differences between COVID-19 cases (patients with RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2) and non-cases were measured using Chi-square test. Multivariate analysis assessed factors associated with COVID-19; adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Follow-up of cases has occurred every three months following enrollment to assess PCC (defined as any persistent symptoms at each follow-up period) and degree of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), compared to baseline at enrollment. Results: COVID-19 was detected in 1,694/3,031 (56%) persons, including 1,173/1,802 (65%) from Nakhon Phanom and 521/1,229 (42%) from Tak (p<0.001). Compared to non-cases, cases were more likely to be older (median 38 [interquartile range 28-54] vs. 28 [IQR 13-49] years, p<0.001) and female (63% vs. 53%, p<0.001). Cases were more likely to report contact with other COVID-19 cases (aOR 10.0; 95%CI 7.8-12.0), history of travel (aOR 2.8; 95%CI 2.0-4.1), visiting crowded places (aOR 1.3; 95%CI 1.1-1.6), current alcohol consumption (aOR 1.9; 95%CI 1.3-2.8) and obesity (aOR1.5; 95%CI 1.3-1.8).Of 1,694 cases, 842 (50%) agreed to be monitored for PCC, 420 (50%) completed six months of follow-up. Half (210/420) of these cases reported persistent symptoms at the 6-month follow-up visit; fatigue (n=80, 19%), muscle pain (n=79, 19%), forgetfulness (n=76, 18%), insomnia (n=74, 18%) and shortness of breath (n=38, 9.0%) were the most common symptoms described by cases. A similar pattern of symptoms was observed among 442 participants at the 3-month follow-up visit. The proportion of cases with moderate to severe depression decreased from 4.3% (19/442) at baseline to 1.9% (8/420) at six months (p=0.08). A greater proportion of females than males reported moderate to severe depression at baseline (5.8% vs. 1.3%, p=0.03) and at 6-month follow-up (2.6% vs. 0.4%, p=0.04). Discussion: SARS-CoV-2 was detected in more than half of febrile patients visiting hospitals in two border provinces of Thailand. Understanding the risk factors may inform prevention strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infections. PCC was found in half of the COVID-19 patients six months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusion: Public health authorities and health care providers should work with communities to reduce risks for infection and monitor patients for PCC and mental health status after infection.
format Article
id doaj-art-339443f5fa6c40ecb7efd9cd5c585a3e
institution DOAJ
issn 1201-9712
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series International Journal of Infectious Diseases
spelling doaj-art-339443f5fa6c40ecb7efd9cd5c585a3e2025-08-20T02:55:17ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122025-03-0115210771710.1016/j.ijid.2024.107717SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Sequelae in Febrile Patients in Six Hospitals along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar Borders, 2022-2023Dr Saithip Bhengsri0Dr. Emily Bloss1Dr. Pongpun Sawatwong2Dr. Nuttagarn Chuenchom3Dr. Tanaphat Lertwitayakumjorn4Dr. Barameht Piralam5Mr. Samkan Chaoprasert6Mr. Tuwan Simmali7Ms. Pornpan Bungkanjana8Dr. James D Heffelfinger9Dr. Anupong Sujariyakul10Division Of Global Health Protection, Thailand MoPH-US CDC CollaborationDivision Of Global Health Protection, Thailand MoPH-US CDC CollaborationDivision Of Global Health Protection, Thailand MoPH-US CDC CollaborationMae Sot General HospitalNakhon Phanom Provincial HospitalNakhon Phanom Provincial Health OfficeTak Provincial Health OfficeNakhon Phanom Provincial Health OfficeNakhon Phanom Provincial Health OfficeDivision Of Global Health Protection, Thailand MoPH-US CDC CollaborationDepartment of Disease Control, Ministry of Public HealthBackground: Reports of persistent symptoms after COVID-19 infection have raised concern about post-COVID conditions (PCC). We describe patient characteristics and risk factors for COVID-19 infection and PCC at six months after enrollment in febrile patients presenting to six hospitals in Nakhon Phanom and Tak provinces, along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar borders, respectively. Methods: During June 2022-May 2023, we enrolled patients aged >2 years presenting to outpatient departments/emergency rooms with temperature ≥37.5°C or history of fever ≤14 days. Saliva, nasal and nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using real-time RT-PCR. Interviews and medical record reviews were conducted. Differences between COVID-19 cases (patients with RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2) and non-cases were measured using Chi-square test. Multivariate analysis assessed factors associated with COVID-19; adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Follow-up of cases has occurred every three months following enrollment to assess PCC (defined as any persistent symptoms at each follow-up period) and degree of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), compared to baseline at enrollment. Results: COVID-19 was detected in 1,694/3,031 (56%) persons, including 1,173/1,802 (65%) from Nakhon Phanom and 521/1,229 (42%) from Tak (p<0.001). Compared to non-cases, cases were more likely to be older (median 38 [interquartile range 28-54] vs. 28 [IQR 13-49] years, p<0.001) and female (63% vs. 53%, p<0.001). Cases were more likely to report contact with other COVID-19 cases (aOR 10.0; 95%CI 7.8-12.0), history of travel (aOR 2.8; 95%CI 2.0-4.1), visiting crowded places (aOR 1.3; 95%CI 1.1-1.6), current alcohol consumption (aOR 1.9; 95%CI 1.3-2.8) and obesity (aOR1.5; 95%CI 1.3-1.8).Of 1,694 cases, 842 (50%) agreed to be monitored for PCC, 420 (50%) completed six months of follow-up. Half (210/420) of these cases reported persistent symptoms at the 6-month follow-up visit; fatigue (n=80, 19%), muscle pain (n=79, 19%), forgetfulness (n=76, 18%), insomnia (n=74, 18%) and shortness of breath (n=38, 9.0%) were the most common symptoms described by cases. A similar pattern of symptoms was observed among 442 participants at the 3-month follow-up visit. The proportion of cases with moderate to severe depression decreased from 4.3% (19/442) at baseline to 1.9% (8/420) at six months (p=0.08). A greater proportion of females than males reported moderate to severe depression at baseline (5.8% vs. 1.3%, p=0.03) and at 6-month follow-up (2.6% vs. 0.4%, p=0.04). Discussion: SARS-CoV-2 was detected in more than half of febrile patients visiting hospitals in two border provinces of Thailand. Understanding the risk factors may inform prevention strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infections. PCC was found in half of the COVID-19 patients six months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusion: Public health authorities and health care providers should work with communities to reduce risks for infection and monitor patients for PCC and mental health status after infection.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224007926
spellingShingle Dr Saithip Bhengsri
Dr. Emily Bloss
Dr. Pongpun Sawatwong
Dr. Nuttagarn Chuenchom
Dr. Tanaphat Lertwitayakumjorn
Dr. Barameht Piralam
Mr. Samkan Chaoprasert
Mr. Tuwan Simmali
Ms. Pornpan Bungkanjana
Dr. James D Heffelfinger
Dr. Anupong Sujariyakul
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Sequelae in Febrile Patients in Six Hospitals along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar Borders, 2022-2023
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
title SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Sequelae in Febrile Patients in Six Hospitals along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar Borders, 2022-2023
title_full SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Sequelae in Febrile Patients in Six Hospitals along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar Borders, 2022-2023
title_fullStr SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Sequelae in Febrile Patients in Six Hospitals along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar Borders, 2022-2023
title_full_unstemmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Sequelae in Febrile Patients in Six Hospitals along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar Borders, 2022-2023
title_short SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Sequelae in Febrile Patients in Six Hospitals along the Thai-Lao and Thai-Myanmar Borders, 2022-2023
title_sort sars cov 2 infection and sequelae in febrile patients in six hospitals along the thai lao and thai myanmar borders 2022 2023
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224007926
work_keys_str_mv AT drsaithipbhengsri sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT dremilybloss sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT drpongpunsawatwong sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT drnuttagarnchuenchom sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT drtanaphatlertwitayakumjorn sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT drbaramehtpiralam sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT mrsamkanchaoprasert sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT mrtuwansimmali sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT mspornpanbungkanjana sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT drjamesdheffelfinger sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023
AT dranupongsujariyakul sarscov2infectionandsequelaeinfebrilepatientsinsixhospitalsalongthethailaoandthaimyanmarborders20222023