Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, Gabon

Background: HIV advance disease and tuberculosis (TB) are still frequent in Gabon. Objectives: This study described the clinical and radiological features of bacteriologically confirmed TB among hospitalised persons living with HIV (PLHIV) and in-hospital death-associated factors. Methods: Patient...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Michele Marion Ntsame Owono, Charleine Manomba Boulingui, Magalie Essomeyo Ngue Mebale, Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AOSIS 2025-04-01
Series:Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:https://sajid.co.za/index.php/sajid/article/view/695
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850194165955035136
author Michele Marion Ntsame Owono
Charleine Manomba Boulingui
Magalie Essomeyo Ngue Mebale
Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet
author_facet Michele Marion Ntsame Owono
Charleine Manomba Boulingui
Magalie Essomeyo Ngue Mebale
Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet
author_sort Michele Marion Ntsame Owono
collection DOAJ
description Background: HIV advance disease and tuberculosis (TB) are still frequent in Gabon. Objectives: This study described the clinical and radiological features of bacteriologically confirmed TB among hospitalised persons living with HIV (PLHIV) and in-hospital death-associated factors. Methods: Patients older than 18 years old, with a diagnosis of TB between 2021 and 2022, were prospectively included. Sociodemographic, clinical, radiological data, CD4 cell count, ART, lenght of hospital stay and mortality were recorded and analyzed. Factors associated with patient death were investigated. Results: Overall, 94 (54.7%) of 172 hospitalised PLHIV had TB. Their median age was 37 (32–42) years, 67.0% were females, 47.9% were on ART and 85.0% were in the advanced disease stage. Overall, 52 (55.3%) PLHIV had isolated pulmonary TB, 13 (13.8%) had extra-pulmonary forms, mainly neuromeningeal and lymph node forms, 25(26.6%) had a disseminated TB that involved pulmonary lesions and 4 (4.3%) had an extra-pulmonary disseminated TB. The median CD4 count was 83 (54–128) cells/µL. It was lower in the group of deceased participants (p = 0.04). The case fatality rate was 26.0% (n = 24). Mortality associated factors were length of hospital stay below 10 days (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9 [1.06–14.3], p = 0.04) and CD4 200 cells/mm3 (p = 0.01). A trend was also observed for males (OR = 2.11 [0.81–5.5], p = 0.062) and age above 45 years (OR = 2.68 [0.92–7.78], p = 0.07). Conclusion: HIV–TB coinfection and extra-pulmonary forms are still frequent in immunocompromised PLHIV. The in-hospital mortality is high, probably because of late diagnosis. Contribution: This study highlights the need of integrated early HIV and TB diagnosis and management in highly endemic settings to improve coinfected patient outcome.
format Article
id doaj-art-3377c8f8abd943f191b843fe9a34b489
institution OA Journals
issn 2312-0053
2313-1810
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher AOSIS
record_format Article
series Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
spelling doaj-art-3377c8f8abd943f191b843fe9a34b4892025-08-20T02:14:03ZengAOSISSouthern African Journal of Infectious Diseases2312-00532313-18102025-04-01401e1e710.4102/sajid.v40i1.695340Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, GabonMichele Marion Ntsame Owono0Charleine Manomba Boulingui1Magalie Essomeyo Ngue Mebale2Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet3Department of Infectiology, University Hospital, Libreville, Gabon; and, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon; and, Centre de Recherche en Pathogènes Infectieux et Pathologies Associées, CREIPA, Université des Sciences de la Santé, LibrevilleDepartment of Infectiology, University Hospital, Libreville, Gabon; and, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon; and, Centre de Recherche en Pathogènes Infectieux et Pathologies Associées, CREIPA, Université des Sciences de la Santé, LibrevilleDepartment of Infectiology, University Hospital, Libreville, Gabon; and, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon; and, Centre de Recherche en Pathogènes Infectieux et Pathologies Associées, CREIPA, Université des Sciences de la Santé, LibrevilleCentre de Recherche en Pathogènes Infectieux et Pathologies Associées, CREIPA, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon; and, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, LibrevilleBackground: HIV advance disease and tuberculosis (TB) are still frequent in Gabon. Objectives: This study described the clinical and radiological features of bacteriologically confirmed TB among hospitalised persons living with HIV (PLHIV) and in-hospital death-associated factors. Methods: Patients older than 18 years old, with a diagnosis of TB between 2021 and 2022, were prospectively included. Sociodemographic, clinical, radiological data, CD4 cell count, ART, lenght of hospital stay and mortality were recorded and analyzed. Factors associated with patient death were investigated. Results: Overall, 94 (54.7%) of 172 hospitalised PLHIV had TB. Their median age was 37 (32–42) years, 67.0% were females, 47.9% were on ART and 85.0% were in the advanced disease stage. Overall, 52 (55.3%) PLHIV had isolated pulmonary TB, 13 (13.8%) had extra-pulmonary forms, mainly neuromeningeal and lymph node forms, 25(26.6%) had a disseminated TB that involved pulmonary lesions and 4 (4.3%) had an extra-pulmonary disseminated TB. The median CD4 count was 83 (54–128) cells/µL. It was lower in the group of deceased participants (p = 0.04). The case fatality rate was 26.0% (n = 24). Mortality associated factors were length of hospital stay below 10 days (odds ratio [OR] = 3.9 [1.06–14.3], p = 0.04) and CD4 200 cells/mm3 (p = 0.01). A trend was also observed for males (OR = 2.11 [0.81–5.5], p = 0.062) and age above 45 years (OR = 2.68 [0.92–7.78], p = 0.07). Conclusion: HIV–TB coinfection and extra-pulmonary forms are still frequent in immunocompromised PLHIV. The in-hospital mortality is high, probably because of late diagnosis. Contribution: This study highlights the need of integrated early HIV and TB diagnosis and management in highly endemic settings to improve coinfected patient outcome.https://sajid.co.za/index.php/sajid/article/view/695hiv–tuberculosiscoinfectionmortalitygaboncd4 cellsart.
spellingShingle Michele Marion Ntsame Owono
Charleine Manomba Boulingui
Magalie Essomeyo Ngue Mebale
Marielle Karine Bouyou Akotet
Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, Gabon
Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
hiv–tuberculosis
coinfection
mortality
gabon
cd4 cells
art.
title Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, Gabon
title_full Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, Gabon
title_fullStr Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, Gabon
title_full_unstemmed Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, Gabon
title_short Clinico-radiological characteristics and lethality of HIV-tuberculosis coinfection in the Infectiology ward of the Libreville University Hospital, Gabon
title_sort clinico radiological characteristics and lethality of hiv tuberculosis coinfection in the infectiology ward of the libreville university hospital gabon
topic hiv–tuberculosis
coinfection
mortality
gabon
cd4 cells
art.
url https://sajid.co.za/index.php/sajid/article/view/695
work_keys_str_mv AT michelemarionntsameowono clinicoradiologicalcharacteristicsandlethalityofhivtuberculosiscoinfectionintheinfectiologywardofthelibrevilleuniversityhospitalgabon
AT charleinemanombaboulingui clinicoradiologicalcharacteristicsandlethalityofhivtuberculosiscoinfectionintheinfectiologywardofthelibrevilleuniversityhospitalgabon
AT magalieessomeyonguemebale clinicoradiologicalcharacteristicsandlethalityofhivtuberculosiscoinfectionintheinfectiologywardofthelibrevilleuniversityhospitalgabon
AT mariellekarinebouyouakotet clinicoradiologicalcharacteristicsandlethalityofhivtuberculosiscoinfectionintheinfectiologywardofthelibrevilleuniversityhospitalgabon