Identifying Risk Factors for Impaired Pulmonary Function in COVID-19 Patients: Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: COVID-19 has an impact on various organs, including heart, kidney, lung, and liver. However, respiratory system has been the primary organ mostly affected, ranging from asymp tomatic to critical stages of the disease. The risk of developing impaired pulmonary function depends on multiple...

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Main Authors: Odonchimeg Bayaraa, Allabyergyen Myeryemkhaan, Gaamaa Jamsran, Norjmaa Boldbaatar, Sarantuya Jav, Mukhbayarlakh Sonomjamts, Ichinnorov Dashtseren
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences 2025-03-01
Series:Central Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mongoliajol.info/index.php/CAJMS/article/view/4046
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author Odonchimeg Bayaraa
Allabyergyen Myeryemkhaan
Gaamaa Jamsran
Norjmaa Boldbaatar
Sarantuya Jav
Mukhbayarlakh Sonomjamts
Ichinnorov Dashtseren
author_facet Odonchimeg Bayaraa
Allabyergyen Myeryemkhaan
Gaamaa Jamsran
Norjmaa Boldbaatar
Sarantuya Jav
Mukhbayarlakh Sonomjamts
Ichinnorov Dashtseren
author_sort Odonchimeg Bayaraa
collection DOAJ
description Objective: COVID-19 has an impact on various organs, including heart, kidney, lung, and liver. However, respiratory system has been the primary organ mostly affected, ranging from asymp tomatic to critical stages of the disease. The risk of developing impaired pulmonary function depends on multiple factors, including demographic and clinical manifestations such as severi ty of the disease, comorbidities, and treatment options. As the number of new COVID-19 cases declines, public health experts and medical doctors are increasingly interested in conditions after COVID-19 and are working to improve the quality of life for affected patients. Our study aim was to investigate risk factors associated with impaired pulmonary function in individuals recovered from severe COVID-19. Method: The study was conducted using a hospital-based, cross-sectional study design. A total of 268 participants who visited the Pulmonology and Allergology Center of The First Central Hospital of Mongolia for a follow-up examination one year after contracting COVID-19 between 2022 and 2023. Demographic data, comorbidities, severity of initial infection, hospitalization history, and spirometry were analyzed to determine their association with post-COVID-19 impairment of pulmonary function. Results: This study identified the risk factors significantly associated with altered pulmonary function in post COVID-19. 50.4% of individuals with initial severe infection had altered pulmonary function. Severe group had higher odds of decreasing FVC (predicted %) compared to the asymptomatic group (OR=3.69; 95% CI; P =0.003). For comorbidities, patients with cardiovascular disease were significantly more likely to decrease FVC (predicted %) compared to participants who had no comorbidities (OR=4.22; 95% CI; P =0.040). Moreover, patients with chronic lung diseases had a significantly high of impaired FVC (%), with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.46 (95% CI, P =0.005) Conclusion: Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases, and severe initial infection have a significantly higher likelihood of impaired pulmonary function compared to those with other comorbidities, and non-severe COVID-19.
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issn 2413-8681
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language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences
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series Central Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
spelling doaj-art-336ebfabc36e4d04824d2d582bc0c5542025-08-20T03:25:26ZengMongolian National University of Medical SciencesCentral Asian Journal of Medical Sciences2413-86812414-97722025-03-01111202610.24079/CAJMS.2025.01.0033997Identifying Risk Factors for Impaired Pulmonary Function in COVID-19 Patients: Cross-Sectional StudyOdonchimeg Bayaraa0https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5096-4444Allabyergyen Myeryemkhaan1https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5809-1256Gaamaa Jamsran2https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8813-0752Norjmaa Boldbaatar3https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7156-1188Sarantuya Jav4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3032-4490Mukhbayarlakh Sonomjamts5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3807-4617Ichinnorov Dashtseren6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6413-4794School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaMongolia-Japan Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaSchool of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaSchool of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaDepartment of Pulmonology and Allergology, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaMongolia-Japan Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaObjective: COVID-19 has an impact on various organs, including heart, kidney, lung, and liver. However, respiratory system has been the primary organ mostly affected, ranging from asymp tomatic to critical stages of the disease. The risk of developing impaired pulmonary function depends on multiple factors, including demographic and clinical manifestations such as severi ty of the disease, comorbidities, and treatment options. As the number of new COVID-19 cases declines, public health experts and medical doctors are increasingly interested in conditions after COVID-19 and are working to improve the quality of life for affected patients. Our study aim was to investigate risk factors associated with impaired pulmonary function in individuals recovered from severe COVID-19. Method: The study was conducted using a hospital-based, cross-sectional study design. A total of 268 participants who visited the Pulmonology and Allergology Center of The First Central Hospital of Mongolia for a follow-up examination one year after contracting COVID-19 between 2022 and 2023. Demographic data, comorbidities, severity of initial infection, hospitalization history, and spirometry were analyzed to determine their association with post-COVID-19 impairment of pulmonary function. Results: This study identified the risk factors significantly associated with altered pulmonary function in post COVID-19. 50.4% of individuals with initial severe infection had altered pulmonary function. Severe group had higher odds of decreasing FVC (predicted %) compared to the asymptomatic group (OR=3.69; 95% CI; P =0.003). For comorbidities, patients with cardiovascular disease were significantly more likely to decrease FVC (predicted %) compared to participants who had no comorbidities (OR=4.22; 95% CI; P =0.040). Moreover, patients with chronic lung diseases had a significantly high of impaired FVC (%), with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.46 (95% CI, P =0.005) Conclusion: Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular and chronic lung diseases, and severe initial infection have a significantly higher likelihood of impaired pulmonary function compared to those with other comorbidities, and non-severe COVID-19.https://www.mongoliajol.info/index.php/CAJMS/article/view/4046covid-19comorbiditiesimpaired pulmonary functionseverity of diseasepost-covid
spellingShingle Odonchimeg Bayaraa
Allabyergyen Myeryemkhaan
Gaamaa Jamsran
Norjmaa Boldbaatar
Sarantuya Jav
Mukhbayarlakh Sonomjamts
Ichinnorov Dashtseren
Identifying Risk Factors for Impaired Pulmonary Function in COVID-19 Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
Central Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
covid-19
comorbidities
impaired pulmonary function
severity of disease
post-covid
title Identifying Risk Factors for Impaired Pulmonary Function in COVID-19 Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Identifying Risk Factors for Impaired Pulmonary Function in COVID-19 Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Identifying Risk Factors for Impaired Pulmonary Function in COVID-19 Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Identifying Risk Factors for Impaired Pulmonary Function in COVID-19 Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Identifying Risk Factors for Impaired Pulmonary Function in COVID-19 Patients: Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort identifying risk factors for impaired pulmonary function in covid 19 patients cross sectional study
topic covid-19
comorbidities
impaired pulmonary function
severity of disease
post-covid
url https://www.mongoliajol.info/index.php/CAJMS/article/view/4046
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