Mineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine (Canidae) and feline (Felidae) families: a study in Russian zoos

Abstract It is important to consider the full spectrum of complex interactions between mineral elements and biologically active substances to evaluate the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in animals, in addition to the classical physiological approach. This study aimed to assess changes i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sergei Yu. Zaitsev, Marina V. Stepanova, Larisa F. Sotnikova
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-10-01
Series:Animal Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-024-00143-w
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850203795505545216
author Sergei Yu. Zaitsev
Marina V. Stepanova
Larisa F. Sotnikova
author_facet Sergei Yu. Zaitsev
Marina V. Stepanova
Larisa F. Sotnikova
author_sort Sergei Yu. Zaitsev
collection DOAJ
description Abstract It is important to consider the full spectrum of complex interactions between mineral elements and biologically active substances to evaluate the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in animals, in addition to the classical physiological approach. This study aimed to assess changes in mineral element levels in wild and exotic animals in relation to their cardiovascular diseases. A total of 171 animals, including 128 healthy and 43 sick animals from three Russian zoos, were sampled and analyzed. For the first time, species from the canine (nine) and feline (seven) families from Moscow, Ivanovo, and Yaroslavl zoos in the Central Federal District of Russia were selected. A total of 108 samples from canines and 63 samples from feline animals were collected. Mineral element measurements were conducted on 1026 samples via a "Kvant-2A" atomic absorption spectrometer from Russia. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. CVDs were found in 10.1% of the studied animals, with a high percentage of heart muscle pathologies noted (25.8% of all CVDs). Iron (Fe) accumulated in canine and feline fur at approximately 208 and 203 mg/kg, with variations of 72.8% and 80.9%, respectively. A significant decrease in Fe and an increase in cadmium (Cd) during CVD were observed (correlations r = 0.25 and r = 0.16, respectively). The dysregulation of Fe homeostasis, increased absorption, and accumulation of Fe in the reticuloendothelial system are discussed. Finally, the mineral elements absorbed by canine and feline fur can be ranked in descending order: Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > As.
format Article
id doaj-art-3367d44ccbe8475d9897f5881f8cf182
institution OA Journals
issn 2731-0442
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Animal Diseases
spelling doaj-art-3367d44ccbe8475d9897f5881f8cf1822025-08-20T02:11:25ZengBMCAnimal Diseases2731-04422024-10-014111410.1186/s44149-024-00143-wMineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine (Canidae) and feline (Felidae) families: a study in Russian zoosSergei Yu. Zaitsev0Marina V. Stepanova1Larisa F. Sotnikova2Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry Named After Academy Member L.K. ErnstResearch Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Oncology and Biochemistry of Animals, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Biotechnological University (ROSBIOTECH)”Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Oncology and Biochemistry of Animals, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Biotechnological University (ROSBIOTECH)”Abstract It is important to consider the full spectrum of complex interactions between mineral elements and biologically active substances to evaluate the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in animals, in addition to the classical physiological approach. This study aimed to assess changes in mineral element levels in wild and exotic animals in relation to their cardiovascular diseases. A total of 171 animals, including 128 healthy and 43 sick animals from three Russian zoos, were sampled and analyzed. For the first time, species from the canine (nine) and feline (seven) families from Moscow, Ivanovo, and Yaroslavl zoos in the Central Federal District of Russia were selected. A total of 108 samples from canines and 63 samples from feline animals were collected. Mineral element measurements were conducted on 1026 samples via a "Kvant-2A" atomic absorption spectrometer from Russia. Correlation and regression analyses were performed. CVDs were found in 10.1% of the studied animals, with a high percentage of heart muscle pathologies noted (25.8% of all CVDs). Iron (Fe) accumulated in canine and feline fur at approximately 208 and 203 mg/kg, with variations of 72.8% and 80.9%, respectively. A significant decrease in Fe and an increase in cadmium (Cd) during CVD were observed (correlations r = 0.25 and r = 0.16, respectively). The dysregulation of Fe homeostasis, increased absorption, and accumulation of Fe in the reticuloendothelial system are discussed. Finally, the mineral elements absorbed by canine and feline fur can be ranked in descending order: Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd > As.https://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-024-00143-wCardiovascular diseasesCanine familyFeline familyMineral elementsIron
spellingShingle Sergei Yu. Zaitsev
Marina V. Stepanova
Larisa F. Sotnikova
Mineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine (Canidae) and feline (Felidae) families: a study in Russian zoos
Animal Diseases
Cardiovascular diseases
Canine family
Feline family
Mineral elements
Iron
title Mineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine (Canidae) and feline (Felidae) families: a study in Russian zoos
title_full Mineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine (Canidae) and feline (Felidae) families: a study in Russian zoos
title_fullStr Mineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine (Canidae) and feline (Felidae) families: a study in Russian zoos
title_full_unstemmed Mineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine (Canidae) and feline (Felidae) families: a study in Russian zoos
title_short Mineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine (Canidae) and feline (Felidae) families: a study in Russian zoos
title_sort mineral imbalance and cardiovascular disease in animals of the canine canidae and feline felidae families a study in russian zoos
topic Cardiovascular diseases
Canine family
Feline family
Mineral elements
Iron
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-024-00143-w
work_keys_str_mv AT sergeiyuzaitsev mineralimbalanceandcardiovasculardiseaseinanimalsofthecaninecanidaeandfelinefelidaefamiliesastudyinrussianzoos
AT marinavstepanova mineralimbalanceandcardiovasculardiseaseinanimalsofthecaninecanidaeandfelinefelidaefamiliesastudyinrussianzoos
AT larisafsotnikova mineralimbalanceandcardiovasculardiseaseinanimalsofthecaninecanidaeandfelinefelidaefamiliesastudyinrussianzoos