Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic Vaginosis
Vaginal infections are a public health problem associated with serious health complications due to the exacerbated inflammation they generate. Vaginal inflammation may also occur in some noninfectious processes, such as noninfectious vaginitis and cytolytic vaginosis. Immune system cells respond to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Microbiology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7619416 |
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| author | María G. Ramírez-Ledesma Berenice Bermudes-Valencia Rosa M. Balderas-Parada Susana G. Salazar-Ramírez Ruth Reyes-Cortés Francisco J. Magos-Vázquez José J. Torres-Hernández Eva E. Avila |
| author_facet | María G. Ramírez-Ledesma Berenice Bermudes-Valencia Rosa M. Balderas-Parada Susana G. Salazar-Ramírez Ruth Reyes-Cortés Francisco J. Magos-Vázquez José J. Torres-Hernández Eva E. Avila |
| author_sort | María G. Ramírez-Ledesma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vaginal infections are a public health problem associated with serious health complications due to the exacerbated inflammation they generate. Vaginal inflammation may also occur in some noninfectious processes, such as noninfectious vaginitis and cytolytic vaginosis. Immune system cells respond to infections through various mechanisms, such as the formation of extracellular traps (ETs), which are DNA networks associated with effector proteins. Many pathogens induce ETs formation in vitro, as occurs in some natural infections. A recent report indicates that human vaginal infections in vivo generate ETs. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify ETs in samples from 40 donors who were diagnosed with infectious (i.e., bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis and trichomoniasis) and noninfectious (i.e., noninfectious vaginitis and cytolytic vaginosis) vaginal inflammation. We were able to observe ETs by identifying the LL-37 peptide, which is associated with DNA networks. In seven vaginal swabs from the control group (formed by 19 donors without vaginal infection symptoms), we detected at least one pathogen per sample and observed ETs; thus, these donors were considered asymptomatic. The remaining 12 donors were confirmed to be healthy, as their exudates did not present any tested pathogens, sign of inflammation or ETs. ETs in vaginal inflammatory processes can worsen inflammation but may also help control infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3363029c8c2b4a0b92b3ad4e85ad93e8 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1687-9198 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-3363029c8c2b4a0b92b3ad4e85ad93e82025-08-20T02:24:17ZengWileyInternational Journal of Microbiology1687-91982024-01-01202410.1155/2024/7619416Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic VaginosisMaría G. Ramírez-Ledesma0Berenice Bermudes-Valencia1Rosa M. Balderas-Parada2Susana G. Salazar-Ramírez3Ruth Reyes-Cortés4Francisco J. Magos-Vázquez5José J. Torres-Hernández6Eva E. Avila7Departamento de BiologíaHospital General de Guanajuato Dr. Valentín GraciaHospital General de Guanajuato Dr. Valentín GraciaHospital General de Guanajuato Dr. Valentín GraciaDepartamento de BiologíaHospital General de Guanajuato Dr. Valentín GraciaHospital General de Guanajuato Dr. Valentín GraciaDepartamento de BiologíaVaginal infections are a public health problem associated with serious health complications due to the exacerbated inflammation they generate. Vaginal inflammation may also occur in some noninfectious processes, such as noninfectious vaginitis and cytolytic vaginosis. Immune system cells respond to infections through various mechanisms, such as the formation of extracellular traps (ETs), which are DNA networks associated with effector proteins. Many pathogens induce ETs formation in vitro, as occurs in some natural infections. A recent report indicates that human vaginal infections in vivo generate ETs. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify ETs in samples from 40 donors who were diagnosed with infectious (i.e., bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis and trichomoniasis) and noninfectious (i.e., noninfectious vaginitis and cytolytic vaginosis) vaginal inflammation. We were able to observe ETs by identifying the LL-37 peptide, which is associated with DNA networks. In seven vaginal swabs from the control group (formed by 19 donors without vaginal infection symptoms), we detected at least one pathogen per sample and observed ETs; thus, these donors were considered asymptomatic. The remaining 12 donors were confirmed to be healthy, as their exudates did not present any tested pathogens, sign of inflammation or ETs. ETs in vaginal inflammatory processes can worsen inflammation but may also help control infection.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7619416 |
| spellingShingle | María G. Ramírez-Ledesma Berenice Bermudes-Valencia Rosa M. Balderas-Parada Susana G. Salazar-Ramírez Ruth Reyes-Cortés Francisco J. Magos-Vázquez José J. Torres-Hernández Eva E. Avila Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic Vaginosis International Journal of Microbiology |
| title | Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic Vaginosis |
| title_full | Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic Vaginosis |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic Vaginosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic Vaginosis |
| title_short | Extracellular Traps in Patients Diagnosed With Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, Candidiasis, Noninfectious Vaginitis and Cytolytic Vaginosis |
| title_sort | extracellular traps in patients diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis trichomoniasis candidiasis noninfectious vaginitis and cytolytic vaginosis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7619416 |
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