Enhanced nitrogen removal via SNAD-IFAS process treating THP-AD liquor: microbial community and co-metabolism mechanism
Abstract The anaerobic digester liquor after thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP-AD liquor) is a highly hazardous wastewater containing high concentration of ammonium. Herein, a novel two-stage tandem-type simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification-integrated fixed biofilm act...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
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| Series: | npj Clean Water |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-025-00502-1 |
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| author | Xiaochen Xu Xiao Feng Weichun Gao Fenglin Yang Bing Liu Chao Wang |
| author_facet | Xiaochen Xu Xiao Feng Weichun Gao Fenglin Yang Bing Liu Chao Wang |
| author_sort | Xiaochen Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The anaerobic digester liquor after thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP-AD liquor) is a highly hazardous wastewater containing high concentration of ammonium. Herein, a novel two-stage tandem-type simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification-integrated fixed biofilm activated sludge (SNAD-IFAS) hybrid process was successfully constructed for treating THP-AD liquor. The average removal efficiencies of ammonium, total nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand in the stable phase were 94.0%, 89.9%, and 66.8%, respectively. The specific anammox activity of the two SNAD-IFAS reactors was 68.72 and 42.15 mg N/(g VSS·h), respectively. Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia (13.49–20.94%) were the main genus of anammox bacteria. Although the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas (0.21–1.67%) was very lower than other bacteria, Nitrosomonas was a central genus in the co-occurrence network. Moreover, the genes involved in pyridine, dioxin, protein, and carbohydrate degradation were remarkably enriched in SNAD-IFAS, indicating the co-metabolism mechanism of refractory organic degradation. This study provides a low energy consumption, high efficiency, and low-carbon technology for treating THP-AD liquor. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-333a1e1e9feb4c7cb4385efaf0695475 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2059-7037 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | npj Clean Water |
| spelling | doaj-art-333a1e1e9feb4c7cb4385efaf06954752025-08-20T03:42:34ZengNature Portfolionpj Clean Water2059-70372025-08-018111310.1038/s41545-025-00502-1Enhanced nitrogen removal via SNAD-IFAS process treating THP-AD liquor: microbial community and co-metabolism mechanismXiaochen Xu0Xiao Feng1Weichun Gao2Fenglin Yang3Bing Liu4Chao Wang5Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of TechnologyKey Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of TechnologySchool of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of TechnologyKey Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of TechnologyCollege of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou UniversitySchool of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of TechnologyAbstract The anaerobic digester liquor after thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP-AD liquor) is a highly hazardous wastewater containing high concentration of ammonium. Herein, a novel two-stage tandem-type simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification-integrated fixed biofilm activated sludge (SNAD-IFAS) hybrid process was successfully constructed for treating THP-AD liquor. The average removal efficiencies of ammonium, total nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand in the stable phase were 94.0%, 89.9%, and 66.8%, respectively. The specific anammox activity of the two SNAD-IFAS reactors was 68.72 and 42.15 mg N/(g VSS·h), respectively. Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia (13.49–20.94%) were the main genus of anammox bacteria. Although the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas (0.21–1.67%) was very lower than other bacteria, Nitrosomonas was a central genus in the co-occurrence network. Moreover, the genes involved in pyridine, dioxin, protein, and carbohydrate degradation were remarkably enriched in SNAD-IFAS, indicating the co-metabolism mechanism of refractory organic degradation. This study provides a low energy consumption, high efficiency, and low-carbon technology for treating THP-AD liquor.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-025-00502-1 |
| spellingShingle | Xiaochen Xu Xiao Feng Weichun Gao Fenglin Yang Bing Liu Chao Wang Enhanced nitrogen removal via SNAD-IFAS process treating THP-AD liquor: microbial community and co-metabolism mechanism npj Clean Water |
| title | Enhanced nitrogen removal via SNAD-IFAS process treating THP-AD liquor: microbial community and co-metabolism mechanism |
| title_full | Enhanced nitrogen removal via SNAD-IFAS process treating THP-AD liquor: microbial community and co-metabolism mechanism |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced nitrogen removal via SNAD-IFAS process treating THP-AD liquor: microbial community and co-metabolism mechanism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced nitrogen removal via SNAD-IFAS process treating THP-AD liquor: microbial community and co-metabolism mechanism |
| title_short | Enhanced nitrogen removal via SNAD-IFAS process treating THP-AD liquor: microbial community and co-metabolism mechanism |
| title_sort | enhanced nitrogen removal via snad ifas process treating thp ad liquor microbial community and co metabolism mechanism |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-025-00502-1 |
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