Effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a single-center retrospective study

Background Romiplostim (ROM), a second-generation thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA), has shown promising results in patients with refractory aplastic anemia (AA); however, its optimal dosage, efficacy, and safety in patients with refractory AA who experienced treatment failure with immunosupp...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xijuan Lin, Chen Yang, Ziwei Liu, Junling Zhuang, Miao Chen, Bing Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Annals of Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2514791
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850113753161400320
author Xijuan Lin
Chen Yang
Ziwei Liu
Junling Zhuang
Miao Chen
Bing Han
author_facet Xijuan Lin
Chen Yang
Ziwei Liu
Junling Zhuang
Miao Chen
Bing Han
author_sort Xijuan Lin
collection DOAJ
description Background Romiplostim (ROM), a second-generation thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA), has shown promising results in patients with refractory aplastic anemia (AA); however, its optimal dosage, efficacy, and safety in patients with refractory AA who experienced treatment failure with immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and other types of TPO-RAs remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to retrospectively assess the efficacy and safety of high-dose ROM in these patients.Patients and methods Patients who received ROM consecutively for at least 3 months between 8 April 2023 and 23 October 2023, and were followed up for at least 6 months after therapy were analyzed. All enrolled patients had failed to respond and stopped the previous treatments for at least 3 months before receiving ROM.Results Eleven patients were followed up for at least 6 months; all experienced treatment failure with IST and at least two types of other TPO-RAs. They had a median age of 54 years (range: 27–77 years), and eight (72.7%) were women. The patients’ initial and maximal ROM dose was 20 μg/kg per week. At a median follow-up of 8 months (range, 6–8 months), 72.7% (8/11) of the patients reached the response criteria at a median of 1 month (range: 1–3 months). Of these patients, 54.5% (6/11) met the criteria for a complete response at a median of 2.5 months (range: 1–3 months), and 27.3% (3/11) achieved a trilineage response. No severe ROM-related adverse events that led to treatment discontinuation or dosage reduction were observed. Notably, 12.5% (1/8) of the responders relapsed at 5 months after stopping ROM for 2 months.Conclusion High-dose ROM with an initial dosage of 20 μg/kg per week is effective and safe for patients with refractory AA who experienced treatment failure with IST and multiple oral TPO-RAs, exerting a rapid response.
format Article
id doaj-art-332d42da092c4248ae51addfebc5b65a
institution OA Journals
issn 0785-3890
1365-2060
language English
publishDate 2025-12-01
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
record_format Article
series Annals of Medicine
spelling doaj-art-332d42da092c4248ae51addfebc5b65a2025-08-20T02:37:05ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAnnals of Medicine0785-38901365-20602025-12-0157110.1080/07853890.2025.2514791Effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a single-center retrospective studyXijuan Lin0Chen Yang1Ziwei Liu2Junling Zhuang3Miao Chen4Bing Han5Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, ChinaBackground Romiplostim (ROM), a second-generation thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA), has shown promising results in patients with refractory aplastic anemia (AA); however, its optimal dosage, efficacy, and safety in patients with refractory AA who experienced treatment failure with immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and other types of TPO-RAs remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to retrospectively assess the efficacy and safety of high-dose ROM in these patients.Patients and methods Patients who received ROM consecutively for at least 3 months between 8 April 2023 and 23 October 2023, and were followed up for at least 6 months after therapy were analyzed. All enrolled patients had failed to respond and stopped the previous treatments for at least 3 months before receiving ROM.Results Eleven patients were followed up for at least 6 months; all experienced treatment failure with IST and at least two types of other TPO-RAs. They had a median age of 54 years (range: 27–77 years), and eight (72.7%) were women. The patients’ initial and maximal ROM dose was 20 μg/kg per week. At a median follow-up of 8 months (range, 6–8 months), 72.7% (8/11) of the patients reached the response criteria at a median of 1 month (range: 1–3 months). Of these patients, 54.5% (6/11) met the criteria for a complete response at a median of 2.5 months (range: 1–3 months), and 27.3% (3/11) achieved a trilineage response. No severe ROM-related adverse events that led to treatment discontinuation or dosage reduction were observed. Notably, 12.5% (1/8) of the responders relapsed at 5 months after stopping ROM for 2 months.Conclusion High-dose ROM with an initial dosage of 20 μg/kg per week is effective and safe for patients with refractory AA who experienced treatment failure with IST and multiple oral TPO-RAs, exerting a rapid response.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2514791Aplastic anemiarefractoryromiplostimefficacysafety
spellingShingle Xijuan Lin
Chen Yang
Ziwei Liu
Junling Zhuang
Miao Chen
Bing Han
Effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a single-center retrospective study
Annals of Medicine
Aplastic anemia
refractory
romiplostim
efficacy
safety
title Effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a single-center retrospective study
title_full Effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a single-center retrospective study
title_fullStr Effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a single-center retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed Effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a single-center retrospective study
title_short Effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a single-center retrospective study
title_sort effective treatment of refractory aplastic anemia with romiplostim after failure of multiple thrombopoietin receptor agonists a single center retrospective study
topic Aplastic anemia
refractory
romiplostim
efficacy
safety
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2514791
work_keys_str_mv AT xijuanlin effectivetreatmentofrefractoryaplasticanemiawithromiplostimafterfailureofmultiplethrombopoietinreceptoragonistsasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT chenyang effectivetreatmentofrefractoryaplasticanemiawithromiplostimafterfailureofmultiplethrombopoietinreceptoragonistsasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT ziweiliu effectivetreatmentofrefractoryaplasticanemiawithromiplostimafterfailureofmultiplethrombopoietinreceptoragonistsasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT junlingzhuang effectivetreatmentofrefractoryaplasticanemiawithromiplostimafterfailureofmultiplethrombopoietinreceptoragonistsasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT miaochen effectivetreatmentofrefractoryaplasticanemiawithromiplostimafterfailureofmultiplethrombopoietinreceptoragonistsasinglecenterretrospectivestudy
AT binghan effectivetreatmentofrefractoryaplasticanemiawithromiplostimafterfailureofmultiplethrombopoietinreceptoragonistsasinglecenterretrospectivestudy