Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023

Introduction: The epidemic pattern of the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. To analyze the epidemic pattern of RSV infection and explore the fluctuations of immunity. Methodology: Pediatric inpatients diagnosed with RSV infection or RSV pneumonia from Jan...

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Main Authors: Linyan Tang, Lanlan Ma, Yan Liang, Xing Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2025-02-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19729
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author Linyan Tang
Lanlan Ma
Yan Liang
Xing Chen
author_facet Linyan Tang
Lanlan Ma
Yan Liang
Xing Chen
author_sort Linyan Tang
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: The epidemic pattern of the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. To analyze the epidemic pattern of RSV infection and explore the fluctuations of immunity. Methodology: Pediatric inpatients diagnosed with RSV infection or RSV pneumonia from January 2019 to August 2023 in a tertiary hospital were retrospectively included. The children were divided into three groups: before the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) group, during the implementation of NPIs group, and after the lifted NPIs group. Results: A total of 462 children were included in this study. During the implementation of NPIs, there were almost no RSV hospitalizations from February to October 2020. In May 2023, the number of children infected with RSV increased dramatically. The RSV infected children in after the lifted NPIs group was mainly ≥ 3 years old. RSV mixed infections (56.93%) were slightly more common than RSV single infection (43.07%). The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, and CD3+%, CD8+% during the implementation of NPIs and after the lifted NPIs groups were lower than those in the other group of infants 0-6 months old, and the levels of CD3+ % and CD3 + CD4+ % in children 7-12 months old were found to be similar. Conclusions: After the lifted NPIs, the RSV epidemic season was delayed to spring and summer. Humoral immunity and part of the cellular immunity in infants varies before and after NPIs. We pay close attention to the surveillance data of RSV to prevent RSV infection.
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spelling doaj-art-3320a0b67add4acc90e50f85ed8847ec2025-08-20T02:57:17ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802025-02-01190210.3855/jidc.19729Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023Linyan Tang0Lanlan Ma1Yan Liang2Xing Chen3School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health and Disease office, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, ChinaDepartment of Pediatrics Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health and Disease office, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China Introduction: The epidemic pattern of the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. To analyze the epidemic pattern of RSV infection and explore the fluctuations of immunity. Methodology: Pediatric inpatients diagnosed with RSV infection or RSV pneumonia from January 2019 to August 2023 in a tertiary hospital were retrospectively included. The children were divided into three groups: before the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) group, during the implementation of NPIs group, and after the lifted NPIs group. Results: A total of 462 children were included in this study. During the implementation of NPIs, there were almost no RSV hospitalizations from February to October 2020. In May 2023, the number of children infected with RSV increased dramatically. The RSV infected children in after the lifted NPIs group was mainly ≥ 3 years old. RSV mixed infections (56.93%) were slightly more common than RSV single infection (43.07%). The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, and CD3+%, CD8+% during the implementation of NPIs and after the lifted NPIs groups were lower than those in the other group of infants 0-6 months old, and the levels of CD3+ % and CD3 + CD4+ % in children 7-12 months old were found to be similar. Conclusions: After the lifted NPIs, the RSV epidemic season was delayed to spring and summer. Humoral immunity and part of the cellular immunity in infants varies before and after NPIs. We pay close attention to the surveillance data of RSV to prevent RSV infection. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19729COVID-19respiratory syncytial virusepidemiologynon-pharmaceutical interventionsimmune debt
spellingShingle Linyan Tang
Lanlan Ma
Yan Liang
Xing Chen
Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
COVID-19
respiratory syncytial virus
epidemiology
non-pharmaceutical interventions
immune debt
title Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023
title_full Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023
title_fullStr Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023
title_full_unstemmed Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023
title_short Epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019-2023
title_sort epidemic patterns and the immunity levels in hospitalized patients with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 2019 2023
topic COVID-19
respiratory syncytial virus
epidemiology
non-pharmaceutical interventions
immune debt
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/19729
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