Advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using MVO, SSA and HHO-based SVM models with interpretability analysis

Abstract Overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel construction remains a significant challenge due to the complexity and variability of influencing factors. Existing models, including empirical, statistical, and machine learning approaches, often fall short in terms of generalizability a...

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Main Authors: Yulin Zhang, Jian Zhou, Jialu Li, Biao He, Danial Jahed Armaghani, Shuai Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-05-01
Series:Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-025-00963-1
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author Yulin Zhang
Jian Zhou
Jialu Li
Biao He
Danial Jahed Armaghani
Shuai Huang
author_facet Yulin Zhang
Jian Zhou
Jialu Li
Biao He
Danial Jahed Armaghani
Shuai Huang
author_sort Yulin Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel construction remains a significant challenge due to the complexity and variability of influencing factors. Existing models, including empirical, statistical, and machine learning approaches, often fall short in terms of generalizability and accuracy. Empirical methods lack universal applicability due to their reliance on specific project conditions, while statistical models struggle with inconsistent patterns across different datasets. Furthermore, traditional AI models, including single machine learning algorithms, often overlook the multifaceted nature of overbreak, and hybrid models lack comprehensive evaluation standards. To address these limitations, this research proposes three innovative hybrid models that integrate metaheuristic optimization algorithms with support vector machine (SVM): multi-verse optimizer-SVM (MVO-SVM), salp swarm algorithm-SVM (SSA-SVM), and Harris’s Hawk optimization-SVM (HHO-SVM). These models optimize SVM hyperparameters, enhancing its ability to handle high-dimensional, non-linear data with robustness to outliers and improving the prediction of overbreak. The study’s motivation stems from the need for more accurate and universally applicable overbreak prediction models that can also explain the relationship between input parameters and overbreak outcomes. By incorporating SHapley Additive explanations (SHAP) and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME), the research introduces interpretability to enhance model transparency. The results show that rock mass rating and hole depth are the most crucial factors influencing overbreak predictions. Compared to previous models, the proposed hybrid models demonstrate significant improvements, with the HHO-SVM model showing superior predictive performance across various metrics. This study lays the groundwork for more reliable overbreak predictions and offers a powerful tool for geotechnical engineers.
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spelling doaj-art-3306240f659c4563993e13dee7deef8b2025-08-20T01:53:26ZengSpringerGeomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources2363-84192363-84272025-05-0111114110.1007/s40948-025-00963-1Advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using MVO, SSA and HHO-based SVM models with interpretability analysisYulin Zhang0Jian Zhou1Jialu Li2Biao He3Danial Jahed Armaghani4Shuai Huang5School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South UniversitySchool of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South UniversityShanDong Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute Group CO., LTDCivil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University College CorkSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology SydneySchool of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South UniversityAbstract Overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel construction remains a significant challenge due to the complexity and variability of influencing factors. Existing models, including empirical, statistical, and machine learning approaches, often fall short in terms of generalizability and accuracy. Empirical methods lack universal applicability due to their reliance on specific project conditions, while statistical models struggle with inconsistent patterns across different datasets. Furthermore, traditional AI models, including single machine learning algorithms, often overlook the multifaceted nature of overbreak, and hybrid models lack comprehensive evaluation standards. To address these limitations, this research proposes three innovative hybrid models that integrate metaheuristic optimization algorithms with support vector machine (SVM): multi-verse optimizer-SVM (MVO-SVM), salp swarm algorithm-SVM (SSA-SVM), and Harris’s Hawk optimization-SVM (HHO-SVM). These models optimize SVM hyperparameters, enhancing its ability to handle high-dimensional, non-linear data with robustness to outliers and improving the prediction of overbreak. The study’s motivation stems from the need for more accurate and universally applicable overbreak prediction models that can also explain the relationship between input parameters and overbreak outcomes. By incorporating SHapley Additive explanations (SHAP) and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME), the research introduces interpretability to enhance model transparency. The results show that rock mass rating and hole depth are the most crucial factors influencing overbreak predictions. Compared to previous models, the proposed hybrid models demonstrate significant improvements, with the HHO-SVM model showing superior predictive performance across various metrics. This study lays the groundwork for more reliable overbreak predictions and offers a powerful tool for geotechnical engineers.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-025-00963-1Drilling and blasting tunnelOverbreak predictionMetaheuristic algorithmsSupport vector machineInterpretability analysis
spellingShingle Yulin Zhang
Jian Zhou
Jialu Li
Biao He
Danial Jahed Armaghani
Shuai Huang
Advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using MVO, SSA and HHO-based SVM models with interpretability analysis
Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources
Drilling and blasting tunnel
Overbreak prediction
Metaheuristic algorithms
Support vector machine
Interpretability analysis
title Advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using MVO, SSA and HHO-based SVM models with interpretability analysis
title_full Advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using MVO, SSA and HHO-based SVM models with interpretability analysis
title_fullStr Advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using MVO, SSA and HHO-based SVM models with interpretability analysis
title_full_unstemmed Advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using MVO, SSA and HHO-based SVM models with interpretability analysis
title_short Advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using MVO, SSA and HHO-based SVM models with interpretability analysis
title_sort advancing overbreak prediction in drilling and blasting tunnel using mvo ssa and hho based svm models with interpretability analysis
topic Drilling and blasting tunnel
Overbreak prediction
Metaheuristic algorithms
Support vector machine
Interpretability analysis
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-025-00963-1
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