Hierarchical Multi-Communities Energy Sharing Management with Electric Vehicle Integration

The widespread adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the smart grid is transforming the traditional grid into a more complex system. EVs have the ability to both charge and discharge, acting as loads that draw high power and sources that inject energy back into the grid. Consequently, energy sharin...

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Main Authors: Ruengwit Khwanrit, Saher Javaid, Yuto Lim, Chalie Charoenlarpnopparut, Yasuo Tan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/393
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author Ruengwit Khwanrit
Saher Javaid
Yuto Lim
Chalie Charoenlarpnopparut
Yasuo Tan
author_facet Ruengwit Khwanrit
Saher Javaid
Yuto Lim
Chalie Charoenlarpnopparut
Yasuo Tan
author_sort Ruengwit Khwanrit
collection DOAJ
description The widespread adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the smart grid is transforming the traditional grid into a more complex system. EVs have the ability to both charge and discharge, acting as loads that draw high power and sources that inject energy back into the grid. Consequently, energy sharing and management within smart grid communities integrated with EVs have become interesting aspects to study in order to efficiently utilize this energy. However, most existing research focuses solely on energy sharing within single communities, utilizing homogeneous energy profiles and neglecting the potential of heterogeneous energy across multiple communities. EVs also possess the capability to travel to different places and communities, where they can engage in energy sharing with areas that have varying load profiles and prices. In this work, a novel three-level energy sharing management approach is proposed for a multiple community system integrating movable energy storage such as EVs. This model involves three main entities: the Utility Company (UC), Community Energy Aggregator (CEA), and EVs. The energy sharing problem is formulated as a Stackelberg game, with all entities striving to maximize their utility through optimal strategies, including pricing, energy demand, or supply. The proposed model is validated through comparison with typical human charging behavior, as well as single- and multiple-community two-level game models. The findings reveal that the proposed model successfully optimizes pricing and energy strategies, significantly lowering the peak-to-average ratio and smoothing the overall energy profile.
format Article
id doaj-art-32c6691ee17048de804d8392a0a66de7
institution Kabale University
issn 1996-1073
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Energies
spelling doaj-art-32c6691ee17048de804d8392a0a66de72025-01-24T13:31:19ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-01-0118239310.3390/en18020393Hierarchical Multi-Communities Energy Sharing Management with Electric Vehicle IntegrationRuengwit Khwanrit0Saher Javaid1Yuto Lim2Chalie Charoenlarpnopparut3Yasuo Tan4School of Information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Ishikawa, JapanSchool of Information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Ishikawa, JapanSchool of Information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Ishikawa, JapanSchool of Information, Computer, and Communication Technology (ICT), Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathum Thani, ThailandSchool of Information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Ishikawa, JapanThe widespread adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the smart grid is transforming the traditional grid into a more complex system. EVs have the ability to both charge and discharge, acting as loads that draw high power and sources that inject energy back into the grid. Consequently, energy sharing and management within smart grid communities integrated with EVs have become interesting aspects to study in order to efficiently utilize this energy. However, most existing research focuses solely on energy sharing within single communities, utilizing homogeneous energy profiles and neglecting the potential of heterogeneous energy across multiple communities. EVs also possess the capability to travel to different places and communities, where they can engage in energy sharing with areas that have varying load profiles and prices. In this work, a novel three-level energy sharing management approach is proposed for a multiple community system integrating movable energy storage such as EVs. This model involves three main entities: the Utility Company (UC), Community Energy Aggregator (CEA), and EVs. The energy sharing problem is formulated as a Stackelberg game, with all entities striving to maximize their utility through optimal strategies, including pricing, energy demand, or supply. The proposed model is validated through comparison with typical human charging behavior, as well as single- and multiple-community two-level game models. The findings reveal that the proposed model successfully optimizes pricing and energy strategies, significantly lowering the peak-to-average ratio and smoothing the overall energy profile.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/393electric vehiclesenergy sharingenergy pricingenergy communitygame theory
spellingShingle Ruengwit Khwanrit
Saher Javaid
Yuto Lim
Chalie Charoenlarpnopparut
Yasuo Tan
Hierarchical Multi-Communities Energy Sharing Management with Electric Vehicle Integration
Energies
electric vehicles
energy sharing
energy pricing
energy community
game theory
title Hierarchical Multi-Communities Energy Sharing Management with Electric Vehicle Integration
title_full Hierarchical Multi-Communities Energy Sharing Management with Electric Vehicle Integration
title_fullStr Hierarchical Multi-Communities Energy Sharing Management with Electric Vehicle Integration
title_full_unstemmed Hierarchical Multi-Communities Energy Sharing Management with Electric Vehicle Integration
title_short Hierarchical Multi-Communities Energy Sharing Management with Electric Vehicle Integration
title_sort hierarchical multi communities energy sharing management with electric vehicle integration
topic electric vehicles
energy sharing
energy pricing
energy community
game theory
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/2/393
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