Protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targets

Abstract In drug development, systematically characterizing a compound’s mechanism of action (MoA), including its direct targets and effector proteins, is crucial yet challenging. Network-based approaches, unlike those focused solely on direct targets, effectively detect a wide range of cellular res...

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Main Authors: Rina Kunishige, Yoshiyuki Noguchi, Naomi Okamoto, Lei Li, Akito Ono, Masayuki Murata, Fumi Kano
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Series:Communications Biology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-07886-3
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author Rina Kunishige
Yoshiyuki Noguchi
Naomi Okamoto
Lei Li
Akito Ono
Masayuki Murata
Fumi Kano
author_facet Rina Kunishige
Yoshiyuki Noguchi
Naomi Okamoto
Lei Li
Akito Ono
Masayuki Murata
Fumi Kano
author_sort Rina Kunishige
collection DOAJ
description Abstract In drug development, systematically characterizing a compound’s mechanism of action (MoA), including its direct targets and effector proteins, is crucial yet challenging. Network-based approaches, unlike those focused solely on direct targets, effectively detect a wide range of cellular responses elicited by compounds. This study applied protein covariation network analysis, leveraging quantitative, morphological, and localization features from immunostained microscopic images, to elucidate the MoA of AX-53802, a novel ferroptosis inducer. From the candidate targets extracted through network analysis, GPX4 was verified as the direct target by validation experiments. Additionally, aggregates involving GPX4, TfR1, and F-actin were observed alongside iron reduction, suggesting a ferroptosis defense mechanism. Furthermore, combination therapies targeting GPX4 and FAK/Src were found to enhance cancer cell death, and MDM2, ezrin, and cortactin were identified as potential ferroptosis inhibitor targets. These findings highlight the effectiveness of network-based approaches in uncovering a compound’s MoA and developing combination therapies for cancer.
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publishDate 2025-03-01
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series Communications Biology
spelling doaj-art-32a03bde395e4f3f87dc31d6fc56eae62025-08-20T01:54:25ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Biology2399-36422025-03-018111610.1038/s42003-025-07886-3Protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targetsRina Kunishige0Yoshiyuki Noguchi1Naomi Okamoto2Lei Li3Akito Ono4Masayuki Murata5Fumi Kano6Multimodal Cell Analysis Collaborative Research Cluster, Institute of Science TokyoCellshoot Therapeutics, Inc.Cellshoot Therapeutics, Inc.Cellshoot Therapeutics, Inc.Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc.Multimodal Cell Analysis Collaborative Research Cluster, Institute of Science TokyoMultimodal Cell Analysis Collaborative Research Cluster, Institute of Science TokyoAbstract In drug development, systematically characterizing a compound’s mechanism of action (MoA), including its direct targets and effector proteins, is crucial yet challenging. Network-based approaches, unlike those focused solely on direct targets, effectively detect a wide range of cellular responses elicited by compounds. This study applied protein covariation network analysis, leveraging quantitative, morphological, and localization features from immunostained microscopic images, to elucidate the MoA of AX-53802, a novel ferroptosis inducer. From the candidate targets extracted through network analysis, GPX4 was verified as the direct target by validation experiments. Additionally, aggregates involving GPX4, TfR1, and F-actin were observed alongside iron reduction, suggesting a ferroptosis defense mechanism. Furthermore, combination therapies targeting GPX4 and FAK/Src were found to enhance cancer cell death, and MDM2, ezrin, and cortactin were identified as potential ferroptosis inhibitor targets. These findings highlight the effectiveness of network-based approaches in uncovering a compound’s MoA and developing combination therapies for cancer.https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-07886-3
spellingShingle Rina Kunishige
Yoshiyuki Noguchi
Naomi Okamoto
Lei Li
Akito Ono
Masayuki Murata
Fumi Kano
Protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targets
Communications Biology
title Protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targets
title_full Protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targets
title_fullStr Protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targets
title_full_unstemmed Protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targets
title_short Protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targets
title_sort protein covariation networks for elucidating ferroptosis inducer mechanisms and potential synergistic drug targets
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-07886-3
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