Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk

Background/Objectives: Bovine mastitis (BM), a prevalent and economically burdensome bacterial infection affecting dairy cattle, poses a significant challenge to the dairy industry. The traditional approach to combating BM, relying heavily on antibiotics, faces growing concerns due to the increasing...

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Main Authors: Carlos Alarcón Godoy, Iván Balic, Adrián A. Moreno, Oscar Diaz, Carla Arenas Colarte, Tamara Bruna Larenas, Alexander Gamboa, Nelson Caro Fuentes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Pharmaceutics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/2/186
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author Carlos Alarcón Godoy
Iván Balic
Adrián A. Moreno
Oscar Diaz
Carla Arenas Colarte
Tamara Bruna Larenas
Alexander Gamboa
Nelson Caro Fuentes
author_facet Carlos Alarcón Godoy
Iván Balic
Adrián A. Moreno
Oscar Diaz
Carla Arenas Colarte
Tamara Bruna Larenas
Alexander Gamboa
Nelson Caro Fuentes
author_sort Carlos Alarcón Godoy
collection DOAJ
description Background/Objectives: Bovine mastitis (BM), a prevalent and economically burdensome bacterial infection affecting dairy cattle, poses a significant challenge to the dairy industry. The traditional approach to combating BM, relying heavily on antibiotics, faces growing concerns due to the increasing antibiotic resistance exhibited by pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate and determine the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm potential of chitosan nanoparticles (NQo) on <i>S. aureus</i> strains isolated from milk samples obtained from dairy areas in southern Chile from cows diagnosed with BM. Methods: NQo were synthesized using the ionotropic gelation method and thoroughly characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Results: The NQo exhibit a robust positive charge (Z-potential of +55.4 ± 2.5 mV) and an exceptionally small size (20.3 ± 3.2 nm). This unique combination of properties makes NQo particularly well-suited for targeting and interacting with bacterial pathogens. To assess the effectiveness of NQo against BM, we conducted a series of experiments using a <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strain isolated from milk samples of cows diagnosed with BM in southern Chile. NQo demonstrated a remarkable ability to inhibit bacterial proliferation and effectively modulate biofilm formation in the <i>S. aureus</i> strains. Furthermore, the performance of NQo in comparison to established antibiotics like ampicillin and gentamicin strongly suggests that these nanoparticles hold immense potential as an attractive alternative for the control, prevention, and/or treatment of BM. Conclusions: NQo exhibit both antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against a clinically relevant BM pathogen. Further investigations are necessary to develop a hydrogel formulation optimized for effective delivery to the target diseased tissue.
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spelling doaj-art-3258e5c680124a4aa2cc827cdfa93fc72025-08-20T02:44:50ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232025-02-0117218610.3390/pharmaceutics17020186Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis MilkCarlos Alarcón Godoy0Iván Balic1Adrián A. Moreno2Oscar Diaz3Carla Arenas Colarte4Tamara Bruna Larenas5Alexander Gamboa6Nelson Caro Fuentes7Centro de Investigación Austral Biotech, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Avenida Ejército 146, Santiago 8370003, ChileÁrea Prioritaria de Investigación (API3), Programa Fitogen, Departamento de Acuicultura y Recursos Agroalimentarios, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5311157, ChileCentro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, ChileÁrea Prioritaria de Investigación (API3), Programa Fitogen, Departamento de Acuicultura y Recursos Agroalimentarios, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5311157, ChileCentro de Investigación Austral Biotech, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Avenida Ejército 146, Santiago 8370003, ChileCentro de Investigación Austral Biotech, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Avenida Ejército 146, Santiago 8370003, ChileFacultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago 9170022, ChileCentro de Investigación Austral Biotech, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Avenida Ejército 146, Santiago 8370003, ChileBackground/Objectives: Bovine mastitis (BM), a prevalent and economically burdensome bacterial infection affecting dairy cattle, poses a significant challenge to the dairy industry. The traditional approach to combating BM, relying heavily on antibiotics, faces growing concerns due to the increasing antibiotic resistance exhibited by pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate and determine the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm potential of chitosan nanoparticles (NQo) on <i>S. aureus</i> strains isolated from milk samples obtained from dairy areas in southern Chile from cows diagnosed with BM. Methods: NQo were synthesized using the ionotropic gelation method and thoroughly characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Results: The NQo exhibit a robust positive charge (Z-potential of +55.4 ± 2.5 mV) and an exceptionally small size (20.3 ± 3.2 nm). This unique combination of properties makes NQo particularly well-suited for targeting and interacting with bacterial pathogens. To assess the effectiveness of NQo against BM, we conducted a series of experiments using a <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> strain isolated from milk samples of cows diagnosed with BM in southern Chile. NQo demonstrated a remarkable ability to inhibit bacterial proliferation and effectively modulate biofilm formation in the <i>S. aureus</i> strains. Furthermore, the performance of NQo in comparison to established antibiotics like ampicillin and gentamicin strongly suggests that these nanoparticles hold immense potential as an attractive alternative for the control, prevention, and/or treatment of BM. Conclusions: NQo exhibit both antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against a clinically relevant BM pathogen. Further investigations are necessary to develop a hydrogel formulation optimized for effective delivery to the target diseased tissue.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/2/186bovine mastitisantibiofilmchitosan nanoparticlesantimicrobial<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
spellingShingle Carlos Alarcón Godoy
Iván Balic
Adrián A. Moreno
Oscar Diaz
Carla Arenas Colarte
Tamara Bruna Larenas
Alexander Gamboa
Nelson Caro Fuentes
Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk
Pharmaceutics
bovine mastitis
antibiofilm
chitosan nanoparticles
antimicrobial
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
title Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk
title_full Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk
title_fullStr Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk
title_short Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Chitosan Nanoparticles Against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strains Isolated from Bovine Mastitis Milk
title_sort antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of chitosan nanoparticles against i staphylococcus aureus i strains isolated from bovine mastitis milk
topic bovine mastitis
antibiofilm
chitosan nanoparticles
antimicrobial
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
url https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/17/2/186
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