Old Bug—New Challenges After COVID-19 Pandemic: Severe Invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infections in Adults—A Single-Center Experience in Poland

Since the beginning of December 2022, an unusually high number of cases and deaths of Group A <i>Streptococcus</i> (GAS) infections has been reported in many European countries. GAS infection frequently causes mild diseases such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, impetigo, cellulitis, and scar...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Patrycja Leśnik, Jarosław Janc, Martyna Biała, Marzenna Bartoszewicz, Lidia Łysenko, Natalia Słabisz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Pathogens
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/2/199
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850082477169704960
author Patrycja Leśnik
Jarosław Janc
Martyna Biała
Marzenna Bartoszewicz
Lidia Łysenko
Natalia Słabisz
author_facet Patrycja Leśnik
Jarosław Janc
Martyna Biała
Marzenna Bartoszewicz
Lidia Łysenko
Natalia Słabisz
author_sort Patrycja Leśnik
collection DOAJ
description Since the beginning of December 2022, an unusually high number of cases and deaths of Group A <i>Streptococcus</i> (GAS) infections has been reported in many European countries. GAS infection frequently causes mild diseases such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, impetigo, cellulitis, and scarlet fever. However, in rare instances, GAS infection can lead to invasive, life-threatening conditions like necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome, which are associated with high mortality. The aim of the study was to present the clinical course of invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> infections and to highlight the increase in the incidence of severe infections of this etiology, similar to trends observed in other European countries. The study included 11 patients with severe, invasive infections caused by <i>S. pyogenes</i> accompanied by sepsis or septic shock, treated at the 4th Clinical Military Hospital in Wroclaw between December 2022 and May 2023. Among 11 patients, 6 had streptococcal skin and soft tissue infections, 3 had pneumonia caused by <i>S. pyogenes</i>, 1 had streptococcal otitis, and 1 had a knee joint infection. Nine developed septic shock, and three died from fulminant streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). Physicians should be aware of the increased prevalence of invasive GAS (iGAS) infections; timely diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial to reducing the risk of severe complications, including death.
format Article
id doaj-art-3250e8bdb4c94ee4a94de9438c767244
institution DOAJ
issn 2076-0817
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Pathogens
spelling doaj-art-3250e8bdb4c94ee4a94de9438c7672442025-08-20T02:44:32ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-02-0114219910.3390/pathogens14020199Old Bug—New Challenges After COVID-19 Pandemic: Severe Invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infections in Adults—A Single-Center Experience in PolandPatrycja Leśnik0Jarosław Janc1Martyna Biała2Marzenna Bartoszewicz3Lidia Łysenko4Natalia Słabisz5Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, 50-233 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Liver Diseases and Acquired Immune Deficiencies, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-149 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Laboratory Diagnostics, 4th Military Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw, 50-981 Wroclaw, PolandSince the beginning of December 2022, an unusually high number of cases and deaths of Group A <i>Streptococcus</i> (GAS) infections has been reported in many European countries. GAS infection frequently causes mild diseases such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, impetigo, cellulitis, and scarlet fever. However, in rare instances, GAS infection can lead to invasive, life-threatening conditions like necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome, which are associated with high mortality. The aim of the study was to present the clinical course of invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> infections and to highlight the increase in the incidence of severe infections of this etiology, similar to trends observed in other European countries. The study included 11 patients with severe, invasive infections caused by <i>S. pyogenes</i> accompanied by sepsis or septic shock, treated at the 4th Clinical Military Hospital in Wroclaw between December 2022 and May 2023. Among 11 patients, 6 had streptococcal skin and soft tissue infections, 3 had pneumonia caused by <i>S. pyogenes</i>, 1 had streptococcal otitis, and 1 had a knee joint infection. Nine developed septic shock, and three died from fulminant streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). Physicians should be aware of the increased prevalence of invasive GAS (iGAS) infections; timely diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial to reducing the risk of severe complications, including death.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/2/199GASsevere infectionstoxinsstreptococcal toxic shock syndromemortality
spellingShingle Patrycja Leśnik
Jarosław Janc
Martyna Biała
Marzenna Bartoszewicz
Lidia Łysenko
Natalia Słabisz
Old Bug—New Challenges After COVID-19 Pandemic: Severe Invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infections in Adults—A Single-Center Experience in Poland
Pathogens
GAS
severe infections
toxins
streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
mortality
title Old Bug—New Challenges After COVID-19 Pandemic: Severe Invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infections in Adults—A Single-Center Experience in Poland
title_full Old Bug—New Challenges After COVID-19 Pandemic: Severe Invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infections in Adults—A Single-Center Experience in Poland
title_fullStr Old Bug—New Challenges After COVID-19 Pandemic: Severe Invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infections in Adults—A Single-Center Experience in Poland
title_full_unstemmed Old Bug—New Challenges After COVID-19 Pandemic: Severe Invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infections in Adults—A Single-Center Experience in Poland
title_short Old Bug—New Challenges After COVID-19 Pandemic: Severe Invasive <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infections in Adults—A Single-Center Experience in Poland
title_sort old bug new challenges after covid 19 pandemic severe invasive i streptococcus pyogenes i infections in adults a single center experience in poland
topic GAS
severe infections
toxins
streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
mortality
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/2/199
work_keys_str_mv AT patrycjalesnik oldbugnewchallengesaftercovid19pandemicsevereinvasiveistreptococcuspyogenesiinfectionsinadultsasinglecenterexperienceinpoland
AT jarosławjanc oldbugnewchallengesaftercovid19pandemicsevereinvasiveistreptococcuspyogenesiinfectionsinadultsasinglecenterexperienceinpoland
AT martynabiała oldbugnewchallengesaftercovid19pandemicsevereinvasiveistreptococcuspyogenesiinfectionsinadultsasinglecenterexperienceinpoland
AT marzennabartoszewicz oldbugnewchallengesaftercovid19pandemicsevereinvasiveistreptococcuspyogenesiinfectionsinadultsasinglecenterexperienceinpoland
AT lidiałysenko oldbugnewchallengesaftercovid19pandemicsevereinvasiveistreptococcuspyogenesiinfectionsinadultsasinglecenterexperienceinpoland
AT nataliasłabisz oldbugnewchallengesaftercovid19pandemicsevereinvasiveistreptococcuspyogenesiinfectionsinadultsasinglecenterexperienceinpoland