The role of microglia in Zika virus pathogenesis: Possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies

The Zika virus, a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a mosquito-borne disease-causing virus that gained worldwide attention after a severe outbreak in Brazil in 2015. During this outbreak, some alarming evidence suggests that fetal microcephaly and other neuro-developmental disorders were associa...

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Main Authors: Subhrajyoti Paul, Sudipta Patra, Ayan Mondal, Gungun Sharma Adhikari, Piu Ghosh, Manojit Bysack, Rajen Dey
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:The Microbe
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S295019462400147X
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author Subhrajyoti Paul
Sudipta Patra
Ayan Mondal
Gungun Sharma Adhikari
Piu Ghosh
Manojit Bysack
Rajen Dey
author_facet Subhrajyoti Paul
Sudipta Patra
Ayan Mondal
Gungun Sharma Adhikari
Piu Ghosh
Manojit Bysack
Rajen Dey
author_sort Subhrajyoti Paul
collection DOAJ
description The Zika virus, a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a mosquito-borne disease-causing virus that gained worldwide attention after a severe outbreak in Brazil in 2015. During this outbreak, some alarming evidence suggests that fetal microcephaly and other neuro-developmental disorders were associated with Zika infection. The virus also causes multi-organ failure and thrombocytopenia and also affects the eyes, leading to a potentially inflammatory disease called uveitis in adult individuals. It could be transmitted through sexual intercourse or the transplacental route, which is not commonly observed in other flaviviruses. In this review, we are interested in discovering the specific role of microglia in the pathogenesis of Zika virus-induced neuroinflammation. The virus comes into contact with microglial cells through the blood and causes activation and neuroinflammatory consequences, leading to the death of developing neurons and ultimately resulting in altered neuron-glia interaction. Despite its severity, there is still no specific medicine or vaccine available to combat the Zika infection. An essential aspect of this review is to identify cost-effective treatment strategies and accurate diagnostic methods for broader populations. In conclusion, an understanding of the cellular basis of Zika pathogenesis can help ensure potential treatment strategies to combat the global outbreak of the Zika virus.
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spelling doaj-art-323d11b2ad424c4c8ce627f40fc4503f2025-08-20T02:48:57ZengElsevierThe Microbe2950-19462024-12-01510018010.1016/j.microb.2024.100180The role of microglia in Zika virus pathogenesis: Possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategiesSubhrajyoti Paul0Sudipta Patra1Ayan Mondal2Gungun Sharma Adhikari3Piu Ghosh4Manojit Bysack5Rajen Dey6Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Telinipara, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Bara Kanthalia, West Bengal 700121, IndiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Telinipara, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Bara Kanthalia, West Bengal 700121, IndiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Telinipara, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Bara Kanthalia, West Bengal 700121, IndiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Telinipara, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Bara Kanthalia, West Bengal 700121, IndiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Telinipara, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Bara Kanthalia, West Bengal 700121, IndiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Telinipara, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Bara Kanthalia, West Bengal 700121, IndiaCorresponding author.; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Telinipara, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Bara Kanthalia, West Bengal 700121, IndiaThe Zika virus, a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a mosquito-borne disease-causing virus that gained worldwide attention after a severe outbreak in Brazil in 2015. During this outbreak, some alarming evidence suggests that fetal microcephaly and other neuro-developmental disorders were associated with Zika infection. The virus also causes multi-organ failure and thrombocytopenia and also affects the eyes, leading to a potentially inflammatory disease called uveitis in adult individuals. It could be transmitted through sexual intercourse or the transplacental route, which is not commonly observed in other flaviviruses. In this review, we are interested in discovering the specific role of microglia in the pathogenesis of Zika virus-induced neuroinflammation. The virus comes into contact with microglial cells through the blood and causes activation and neuroinflammatory consequences, leading to the death of developing neurons and ultimately resulting in altered neuron-glia interaction. Despite its severity, there is still no specific medicine or vaccine available to combat the Zika infection. An essential aspect of this review is to identify cost-effective treatment strategies and accurate diagnostic methods for broader populations. In conclusion, an understanding of the cellular basis of Zika pathogenesis can help ensure potential treatment strategies to combat the global outbreak of the Zika virus.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S295019462400147XCytokineMicrocephalyMicrogliaNeuroinflammationZika virus
spellingShingle Subhrajyoti Paul
Sudipta Patra
Ayan Mondal
Gungun Sharma Adhikari
Piu Ghosh
Manojit Bysack
Rajen Dey
The role of microglia in Zika virus pathogenesis: Possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
The Microbe
Cytokine
Microcephaly
Microglia
Neuroinflammation
Zika virus
title The role of microglia in Zika virus pathogenesis: Possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
title_full The role of microglia in Zika virus pathogenesis: Possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
title_fullStr The role of microglia in Zika virus pathogenesis: Possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
title_full_unstemmed The role of microglia in Zika virus pathogenesis: Possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
title_short The role of microglia in Zika virus pathogenesis: Possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
title_sort role of microglia in zika virus pathogenesis possible diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
topic Cytokine
Microcephaly
Microglia
Neuroinflammation
Zika virus
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S295019462400147X
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