Predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Adolescence is a unique stage of human life characterized by intense physical growth and development. Making poor choices regarding dietary behavior, physical activity, and lifestyle can put adolescents at risk of several diseases. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and pr...

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Main Authors: Nehal M. El-Koofy, Marwa Sabry Rizk, Marwa M. Zein, Eman Mohamed Ibraheim Moawad, Sara Tarek
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-05-01
Series:Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43054-025-00365-8
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author Nehal M. El-Koofy
Marwa Sabry Rizk
Marwa M. Zein
Eman Mohamed Ibraheim Moawad
Sara Tarek
author_facet Nehal M. El-Koofy
Marwa Sabry Rizk
Marwa M. Zein
Eman Mohamed Ibraheim Moawad
Sara Tarek
author_sort Nehal M. El-Koofy
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Adolescence is a unique stage of human life characterized by intense physical growth and development. Making poor choices regarding dietary behavior, physical activity, and lifestyle can put adolescents at risk of several diseases. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of malnutrition among Egyptian adolescents. Methodology A cross-sectional study in which a structured interview questionnaire was administered to 4064 young adolescents aged 10–14 recruited from 11 Egyptian governorates. Data about the participants’ anthropometric parameters, dietary patterns, and lifestyles were collected. Results The overall prevalence of short stature, overweight/obesity, and wasting was 18.4% (95% CI 17.2%, 19.6%), 37.5% (95% CI 36%, 39%), and 4.8% (95% CI 4.2%, 5.5%), respectively. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to predict the risk factors of overweight, wasting, and stunting. Frequent eating of midnight snacks (OR = 1.368, 95% CI 1.081, 1.730), large consumption of chips (OR = 2.052, 95% CI 1.511, 2.788), and extended TV watching (OR = 1.195, 95% CI 1.038, 1.375) are significant risk factors for overweight. Wasting was less likely to occur with regular intake of vegetables (OR = 0.609, 95% CI 0.372, 0.997) and nuts (OR = 0.406, 95% CI 0.185, 0.887). Female adolescents and unemployed status fathers were risk factors associated with stunting (OR = 1.236, 95% CI 1.047, 1.459, and OR = 1.537, 95%CI 1.078, 2.190). Frequent intake of milk and milk products was less likely associated with stunting (OR = 0.682, 95% CI 0.542, 0.855). Conclusion Unhealthy lifestyles such as extended TV viewing and unhealthy diet and snacks are associated with an increased risk of obesity and stunting in Egyptian adolescents.
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spelling doaj-art-3235cd4f8cb048ecafebaa4830e9e4bf2025-08-20T01:51:31ZengSpringerOpenEgyptian Pediatric Association Gazette2090-99422025-05-0173111310.1186/s43054-025-00365-8Predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional studyNehal M. El-Koofy0Marwa Sabry Rizk1Marwa M. Zein2Eman Mohamed Ibraheim Moawad3Sara Tarek4Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of, Pediatric Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, National Liver Institute, Menoufia UniversityDepartment of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityAbstract Background Adolescence is a unique stage of human life characterized by intense physical growth and development. Making poor choices regarding dietary behavior, physical activity, and lifestyle can put adolescents at risk of several diseases. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of malnutrition among Egyptian adolescents. Methodology A cross-sectional study in which a structured interview questionnaire was administered to 4064 young adolescents aged 10–14 recruited from 11 Egyptian governorates. Data about the participants’ anthropometric parameters, dietary patterns, and lifestyles were collected. Results The overall prevalence of short stature, overweight/obesity, and wasting was 18.4% (95% CI 17.2%, 19.6%), 37.5% (95% CI 36%, 39%), and 4.8% (95% CI 4.2%, 5.5%), respectively. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to predict the risk factors of overweight, wasting, and stunting. Frequent eating of midnight snacks (OR = 1.368, 95% CI 1.081, 1.730), large consumption of chips (OR = 2.052, 95% CI 1.511, 2.788), and extended TV watching (OR = 1.195, 95% CI 1.038, 1.375) are significant risk factors for overweight. Wasting was less likely to occur with regular intake of vegetables (OR = 0.609, 95% CI 0.372, 0.997) and nuts (OR = 0.406, 95% CI 0.185, 0.887). Female adolescents and unemployed status fathers were risk factors associated with stunting (OR = 1.236, 95% CI 1.047, 1.459, and OR = 1.537, 95%CI 1.078, 2.190). Frequent intake of milk and milk products was less likely associated with stunting (OR = 0.682, 95% CI 0.542, 0.855). Conclusion Unhealthy lifestyles such as extended TV viewing and unhealthy diet and snacks are associated with an increased risk of obesity and stunting in Egyptian adolescents.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43054-025-00365-8AdolescentsEgyptMalnutritionEating behaviorDouble burden
spellingShingle Nehal M. El-Koofy
Marwa Sabry Rizk
Marwa M. Zein
Eman Mohamed Ibraheim Moawad
Sara Tarek
Predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette
Adolescents
Egypt
Malnutrition
Eating behavior
Double burden
title Predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study
title_full Predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study
title_short Predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in Egypt: a nationwide cross-sectional study
title_sort predictors of malnutrition among adolescents in egypt a nationwide cross sectional study
topic Adolescents
Egypt
Malnutrition
Eating behavior
Double burden
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43054-025-00365-8
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AT emanmohamedibraheimmoawad predictorsofmalnutritionamongadolescentsinegyptanationwidecrosssectionalstudy
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