Creation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre-hospital medical teams: the RoadRes-Q scale

Abstract Background Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among young people worldwide. While advances in vehicle safety have reduced some of the risks, the speed and quality of pre-hospital care are critical to prevent fatalities. In France, patients are cared for by medical teams an...

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Main Authors: Killien Lavabre, Nicolas Marjanovic, Denis Oriot, Mathilde Chenu, Adrien Gransagne, Michel Gentilleau, Anthony Moreau, Paul Contal, Olivier Mimoz, Bertrand Drugeon, Road Rescue Study Group
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01370-x
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author Killien Lavabre
Nicolas Marjanovic
Denis Oriot
Mathilde Chenu
Adrien Gransagne
Michel Gentilleau
Anthony Moreau
Paul Contal
Olivier Mimoz
Bertrand Drugeon
Road Rescue Study Group
author_facet Killien Lavabre
Nicolas Marjanovic
Denis Oriot
Mathilde Chenu
Adrien Gransagne
Michel Gentilleau
Anthony Moreau
Paul Contal
Olivier Mimoz
Bertrand Drugeon
Road Rescue Study Group
author_sort Killien Lavabre
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among young people worldwide. While advances in vehicle safety have reduced some of the risks, the speed and quality of pre-hospital care are critical to prevent fatalities. In France, patients are cared for by medical teams and firefighters who must work together as closely as possible to ensure the best possible survival rate. However, there is a lack of standardised scales to assess the performance of these multidisciplinary teams. This study aimed to create and validate a roadside rescue skills assessment scale, the RoadRes-Q scale, for healthcare teams. Methods We used a two-round Delphi method to develop the RoadRes-Q scale. A panel of 9 international roadside rescue experts, including 7 firefighters and 2 engineers in road rescue equipment, agreed to participate. The scale covers five key areas: healthcare provider protection, site securing, vehicle securing, first aid delivery, and patient extrication. The final version was tested during two one-day simulation-based training sessions, each involving 22 participants: 6 healthcare staff, 14 firefighters, and 2 simulated victims. Assessors completed the scale during and after each scenario, focusing on internal consistency and inter-observer reliability. Results The RoadRes-Q scale consists of 60 items. Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.86), indicating that items were non-redundant and consistently measured the required competencies. However, inter-observer reliability was low (intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.48), suggesting variability between assessors. Satisfaction among participants to the simulation-based training courses was high, and their knowledge increased. Conclusions The RoadRes-Q scale proved to be a valid and reliable scale for evaluating both technical and non-technical skills. While internal consistency was strong, improvements are needed in inter-observer reliability. Structured training for assessors and video-based assessments could enhance reproducibility. The RoadRes-Q scale has the potential for assessing the quality and safety of care provided by healthcare teams in roadside rescue situations. Registration As the study did not involve interventional research or patient participation, ethics committee approval was not required, but it received approval from the scientific referents of the Faculty of Medicine of Poitiers, and participants provided informed consent for using their anonymised data.
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series Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
spelling doaj-art-3234abc3ef704d3ab99ba1a14b41b80c2025-08-20T03:52:19ZengBMCScandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine1757-72412025-04-0133111310.1186/s13049-025-01370-xCreation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre-hospital medical teams: the RoadRes-Q scaleKillien Lavabre0Nicolas Marjanovic1Denis Oriot2Mathilde Chenu3Adrien Gransagne4Michel Gentilleau5Anthony Moreau6Paul Contal7Olivier Mimoz8Bertrand Drugeon9Road Rescue Study GroupService des urgences adultes et SAS 86 / SMUR, CHU de PoitiersService des urgences adultes et SAS 86 / SMUR, CHU de PoitiersABS Lab, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de PoitiersService des Urgences et SAMU, Hôpital Saint LouisService Départemental d’Incendie et de Secours 86Service Départemental d’Incendie et de Secours 86Service Départemental d’Incendie et de Secours 86Service des urgences adultes et SAS 86 / SMUR, CHU de PoitiersService des urgences adultes et SAS 86 / SMUR, CHU de PoitiersService des urgences adultes et SAS 86 / SMUR, CHU de PoitiersAbstract Background Road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among young people worldwide. While advances in vehicle safety have reduced some of the risks, the speed and quality of pre-hospital care are critical to prevent fatalities. In France, patients are cared for by medical teams and firefighters who must work together as closely as possible to ensure the best possible survival rate. However, there is a lack of standardised scales to assess the performance of these multidisciplinary teams. This study aimed to create and validate a roadside rescue skills assessment scale, the RoadRes-Q scale, for healthcare teams. Methods We used a two-round Delphi method to develop the RoadRes-Q scale. A panel of 9 international roadside rescue experts, including 7 firefighters and 2 engineers in road rescue equipment, agreed to participate. The scale covers five key areas: healthcare provider protection, site securing, vehicle securing, first aid delivery, and patient extrication. The final version was tested during two one-day simulation-based training sessions, each involving 22 participants: 6 healthcare staff, 14 firefighters, and 2 simulated victims. Assessors completed the scale during and after each scenario, focusing on internal consistency and inter-observer reliability. Results The RoadRes-Q scale consists of 60 items. Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.86), indicating that items were non-redundant and consistently measured the required competencies. However, inter-observer reliability was low (intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.48), suggesting variability between assessors. Satisfaction among participants to the simulation-based training courses was high, and their knowledge increased. Conclusions The RoadRes-Q scale proved to be a valid and reliable scale for evaluating both technical and non-technical skills. While internal consistency was strong, improvements are needed in inter-observer reliability. Structured training for assessors and video-based assessments could enhance reproducibility. The RoadRes-Q scale has the potential for assessing the quality and safety of care provided by healthcare teams in roadside rescue situations. Registration As the study did not involve interventional research or patient participation, ethics committee approval was not required, but it received approval from the scientific referents of the Faculty of Medicine of Poitiers, and participants provided informed consent for using their anonymised data.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01370-x
spellingShingle Killien Lavabre
Nicolas Marjanovic
Denis Oriot
Mathilde Chenu
Adrien Gransagne
Michel Gentilleau
Anthony Moreau
Paul Contal
Olivier Mimoz
Bertrand Drugeon
Road Rescue Study Group
Creation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre-hospital medical teams: the RoadRes-Q scale
Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
title Creation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre-hospital medical teams: the RoadRes-Q scale
title_full Creation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre-hospital medical teams: the RoadRes-Q scale
title_fullStr Creation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre-hospital medical teams: the RoadRes-Q scale
title_full_unstemmed Creation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre-hospital medical teams: the RoadRes-Q scale
title_short Creation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre-hospital medical teams: the RoadRes-Q scale
title_sort creation and validation of a roadside rescue skills scale for training pre hospital medical teams the roadres q scale
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01370-x
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