Characterizing Bacterial Communities in Agroecosystems of the UNESCO Global Geopark Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca

This study explores the diversity and functions of microbiomes in ancient agroecosystems of the Mixteca Alta Geopark (MAG). Microbiome analysis could provide insights into soil bacterial communities and their role in enhancing soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and plant growth. We used 16S rRNA gene...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mario Alberto Martínez-Núñez, Quetzalcoátl Orozco-Ramírez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2180
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850041734413680640
author Mario Alberto Martínez-Núñez
Quetzalcoátl Orozco-Ramírez
author_facet Mario Alberto Martínez-Núñez
Quetzalcoátl Orozco-Ramírez
author_sort Mario Alberto Martínez-Núñez
collection DOAJ
description This study explores the diversity and functions of microbiomes in ancient agroecosystems of the Mixteca Alta Geopark (MAG). Microbiome analysis could provide insights into soil bacterial communities and their role in enhancing soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and plant growth. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to identify key features in the composition of the microbiota of the Lama-bordo, Valley, and Terrace agroecosystems in MAG. Analysis of agroecosystem soils revealed 21 bacterial phyla, with <i>Acidobacteria</i>, <i>Proteobacteria</i>, <i>Actinobacteria</i>, and <i>Chloroflexi</i> dominating. These microbial communities contribute to soil health, carbon cycling, and disease suppression. The study identified specific phylogroups and metabolic pathways associated with nutrient-rich environments like Lama-bordo and Valley, and nutrient-poor, sandy soils like Terrace. Soils from Lama-bordo and Valley were grouped due to microbiome similarity despite geographic separation, whereas Terrace soils differed. Nutrient-rich Lama-bordo and Valley soils host copiotrophic bacteria, while nutrient-poor Terrace soils favor oligotrophic species like <i>Acidobacteria</i>. Functional analysis of microbiomes reveals distinct metabolic pathways, including antibiotic biosynthesis (streptomycin, vancomycin) suggesting a role in plant disease resistance, amino acid pathways indicating active nitrogen cycling, and vitamin B5 and lipoic acid pathways contributing to energy metabolism and antioxidant functions.
format Article
id doaj-art-322dbe1599a14fd5a8d1773e943f5d6e
institution DOAJ
issn 2077-0472
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Agriculture
spelling doaj-art-322dbe1599a14fd5a8d1773e943f5d6e2025-08-20T02:55:42ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722024-11-011412218010.3390/agriculture14122180Characterizing Bacterial Communities in Agroecosystems of the UNESCO Global Geopark Mixteca Alta, OaxacaMario Alberto Martínez-Núñez0Quetzalcoátl Orozco-Ramírez1Unidad Académica de Estudios Territoriales Oaxaca, Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca 68000, MexicoUnidad Académica de Estudios Territoriales Oaxaca, Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca 68000, MexicoThis study explores the diversity and functions of microbiomes in ancient agroecosystems of the Mixteca Alta Geopark (MAG). Microbiome analysis could provide insights into soil bacterial communities and their role in enhancing soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and plant growth. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to identify key features in the composition of the microbiota of the Lama-bordo, Valley, and Terrace agroecosystems in MAG. Analysis of agroecosystem soils revealed 21 bacterial phyla, with <i>Acidobacteria</i>, <i>Proteobacteria</i>, <i>Actinobacteria</i>, and <i>Chloroflexi</i> dominating. These microbial communities contribute to soil health, carbon cycling, and disease suppression. The study identified specific phylogroups and metabolic pathways associated with nutrient-rich environments like Lama-bordo and Valley, and nutrient-poor, sandy soils like Terrace. Soils from Lama-bordo and Valley were grouped due to microbiome similarity despite geographic separation, whereas Terrace soils differed. Nutrient-rich Lama-bordo and Valley soils host copiotrophic bacteria, while nutrient-poor Terrace soils favor oligotrophic species like <i>Acidobacteria</i>. Functional analysis of microbiomes reveals distinct metabolic pathways, including antibiotic biosynthesis (streptomycin, vancomycin) suggesting a role in plant disease resistance, amino acid pathways indicating active nitrogen cycling, and vitamin B5 and lipoic acid pathways contributing to energy metabolism and antioxidant functions.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2180microbiomesagroecosystemsUNESCO geoparkagricultural soilsbacterial agrodiversity
spellingShingle Mario Alberto Martínez-Núñez
Quetzalcoátl Orozco-Ramírez
Characterizing Bacterial Communities in Agroecosystems of the UNESCO Global Geopark Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca
Agriculture
microbiomes
agroecosystems
UNESCO geopark
agricultural soils
bacterial agrodiversity
title Characterizing Bacterial Communities in Agroecosystems of the UNESCO Global Geopark Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca
title_full Characterizing Bacterial Communities in Agroecosystems of the UNESCO Global Geopark Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca
title_fullStr Characterizing Bacterial Communities in Agroecosystems of the UNESCO Global Geopark Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca
title_full_unstemmed Characterizing Bacterial Communities in Agroecosystems of the UNESCO Global Geopark Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca
title_short Characterizing Bacterial Communities in Agroecosystems of the UNESCO Global Geopark Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca
title_sort characterizing bacterial communities in agroecosystems of the unesco global geopark mixteca alta oaxaca
topic microbiomes
agroecosystems
UNESCO geopark
agricultural soils
bacterial agrodiversity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/14/12/2180
work_keys_str_mv AT marioalbertomartineznunez characterizingbacterialcommunitiesinagroecosystemsoftheunescoglobalgeoparkmixtecaaltaoaxaca
AT quetzalcoatlorozcoramirez characterizingbacterialcommunitiesinagroecosystemsoftheunescoglobalgeoparkmixtecaaltaoaxaca