Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Precipitation Evolution in the Aluminum Alloys in Friction Stir Welding
The influence of temperature on the precipitation evolution in different zones of friction stir welded (FSW) heat-treatable aluminum alloys has been well investigated. However, the role of plastic deformation in affecting precipitation transformations remains less explored. To isolate the contributi...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Iuliia Morozova Anton Naumov Nikolay Doynov Vesselin Michailov |
| author_facet | Iuliia Morozova Anton Naumov Nikolay Doynov Vesselin Michailov |
| author_sort | Iuliia Morozova |
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| description | The influence of temperature on the precipitation evolution in different zones of friction stir welded (FSW) heat-treatable aluminum alloys has been well investigated. However, the role of plastic deformation in affecting precipitation transformations remains less explored. To isolate the contribution of these factors and specifically assess the role of plastic deformation, an approach combining numerical and physical modeling techniques was used. Welding temperature cycles in the FSW weld zones calculated by means of a 3D finite element model were accurately reproduced using a Gleeble instrument. This approach was implemented under two scenarios such as the reproduction of the influence of temperature alone, and the combined effects of temperature and thermally induced plastic strain. The precipitation states and hardness obtained from these controlled experiments were compared to those observed in actual friction stir welds, providing a deeper understanding of the influence mechanisms at play. The results revealed that deformation significantly influences precipitation formation in the stir zone of both 2024 and 6082 alloys, with this effect extending to the heat-affected zone in the case of the 2024 alloy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-31eee789155d4b1ebfb0df66de309010 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-1702 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Machines |
| spelling | doaj-art-31eee789155d4b1ebfb0df66de3090102025-01-24T13:39:15ZengMDPI AGMachines2075-17022025-01-011314510.3390/machines13010045Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Precipitation Evolution in the Aluminum Alloys in Friction Stir WeldingIuliia Morozova0Anton Naumov1Nikolay Doynov2Vesselin Michailov3Department of Joining and Welding, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046 Cottbus, GermanyLightweight Materials and Structures Laboratory, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, RussiaDepartment of Joining and Welding, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046 Cottbus, GermanyDepartment of Joining and Welding, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 03046 Cottbus, GermanyThe influence of temperature on the precipitation evolution in different zones of friction stir welded (FSW) heat-treatable aluminum alloys has been well investigated. However, the role of plastic deformation in affecting precipitation transformations remains less explored. To isolate the contribution of these factors and specifically assess the role of plastic deformation, an approach combining numerical and physical modeling techniques was used. Welding temperature cycles in the FSW weld zones calculated by means of a 3D finite element model were accurately reproduced using a Gleeble instrument. This approach was implemented under two scenarios such as the reproduction of the influence of temperature alone, and the combined effects of temperature and thermally induced plastic strain. The precipitation states and hardness obtained from these controlled experiments were compared to those observed in actual friction stir welds, providing a deeper understanding of the influence mechanisms at play. The results revealed that deformation significantly influences precipitation formation in the stir zone of both 2024 and 6082 alloys, with this effect extending to the heat-affected zone in the case of the 2024 alloy.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/1/45friction stir weldingheat-treatable aluminum alloysphysical simulationGleeble simulationplastic deformationprecipitation evolution |
| spellingShingle | Iuliia Morozova Anton Naumov Nikolay Doynov Vesselin Michailov Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Precipitation Evolution in the Aluminum Alloys in Friction Stir Welding Machines friction stir welding heat-treatable aluminum alloys physical simulation Gleeble simulation plastic deformation precipitation evolution |
| title | Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Precipitation Evolution in the Aluminum Alloys in Friction Stir Welding |
| title_full | Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Precipitation Evolution in the Aluminum Alloys in Friction Stir Welding |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Precipitation Evolution in the Aluminum Alloys in Friction Stir Welding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Precipitation Evolution in the Aluminum Alloys in Friction Stir Welding |
| title_short | Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Precipitation Evolution in the Aluminum Alloys in Friction Stir Welding |
| title_sort | influence of plastic deformation on the precipitation evolution in the aluminum alloys in friction stir welding |
| topic | friction stir welding heat-treatable aluminum alloys physical simulation Gleeble simulation plastic deformation precipitation evolution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1702/13/1/45 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT iuliiamorozova influenceofplasticdeformationontheprecipitationevolutioninthealuminumalloysinfrictionstirwelding AT antonnaumov influenceofplasticdeformationontheprecipitationevolutioninthealuminumalloysinfrictionstirwelding AT nikolaydoynov influenceofplasticdeformationontheprecipitationevolutioninthealuminumalloysinfrictionstirwelding AT vesselinmichailov influenceofplasticdeformationontheprecipitationevolutioninthealuminumalloysinfrictionstirwelding |