The functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters: insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota provide
IntroductionFungi are essential to the aquatic food web, nutrient cycling, energy flow, and ecosystem regulation. Fungal community structures in water can be influenced by adjacent terrestrial environments, which drive and control some ecosystem services they provide. However, the roles of freshwate...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1460330/full |
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| author | Phillip Pham Phillip Pham Yichao Shi Izhar Khan Mark Sumarah Justin Renaud Mark Sunohara Emilia Craiovan David Lapen Stéphane Aris-Brosou Stéphane Aris-Brosou Wen Chen Wen Chen |
| author_facet | Phillip Pham Phillip Pham Yichao Shi Izhar Khan Mark Sumarah Justin Renaud Mark Sunohara Emilia Craiovan David Lapen Stéphane Aris-Brosou Stéphane Aris-Brosou Wen Chen Wen Chen |
| author_sort | Phillip Pham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionFungi are essential to the aquatic food web, nutrient cycling, energy flow, and ecosystem regulation. Fungal community structures in water can be influenced by adjacent terrestrial environments, which drive and control some ecosystem services they provide. However, the roles of freshwater fungal communities remain underexplored compared to bacterial communities in this context.MethodsWe assessed the impact of anthropological and environmental factors on freshwater mycobiota in an agriculturally dominated water basin in eastern Ontario, Canada. We undertook bi-weekly surface water sampling from 2016 to 2021 and conducted fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) metabarcoding on the samples, complemented by ancillary data, including water physicochemical properties, upstream land use, hydrology, and weather conditions.ResultsOur study yielded 6,571 OTUs from 503 water samples, spanning 15 fungal phyla, dominated by Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Chytridiomycota. Agricultural land use was associated with decreased mycobiota alpha diversity and distinct fungal communities were observed at agricultural drainage ditch and mixed-land use sites compared to a forested site that had minimal anthropogenic activities in catchment. Notably, river discharge emerged as a predominant influencer of both community diversity and composition, likely amplified by precipitation-induced erosion and drainage from adjacent terrestrial environments.DiscussionWater physicochemical properties, including stream fungicide levels, explained a small proportion of the variation in mycobiota communities, underscoring the significance of unmeasured factors, alongside stochastic community assembly processes. Nevertheless, stream mycobiota demonstrated functional resilience for critical ecological processes under different environmental conditions. Altogether, these results highlight the complex interplay of factors influencing the freshwater mycobiota, which is essential for elevated understanding of the ecosystem services these fungi provide. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-31da6cdd5a7f4dc38aac5ee815df0822 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-31da6cdd5a7f4dc38aac5ee815df08222025-08-20T02:26:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2024-11-011510.3389/fmicb.2024.14603301460330The functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters: insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota providePhillip Pham0Phillip Pham1Yichao Shi2Izhar Khan3Mark Sumarah4Justin Renaud5Mark Sunohara6Emilia Craiovan7David Lapen8Stéphane Aris-Brosou9Stéphane Aris-Brosou10Wen Chen11Wen Chen12Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaLondon Research Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, CanadaLondon Research Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, CanadaOttawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaOttawa Research and Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, CanadaDepartment of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, CanadaIntroductionFungi are essential to the aquatic food web, nutrient cycling, energy flow, and ecosystem regulation. Fungal community structures in water can be influenced by adjacent terrestrial environments, which drive and control some ecosystem services they provide. However, the roles of freshwater fungal communities remain underexplored compared to bacterial communities in this context.MethodsWe assessed the impact of anthropological and environmental factors on freshwater mycobiota in an agriculturally dominated water basin in eastern Ontario, Canada. We undertook bi-weekly surface water sampling from 2016 to 2021 and conducted fungal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) metabarcoding on the samples, complemented by ancillary data, including water physicochemical properties, upstream land use, hydrology, and weather conditions.ResultsOur study yielded 6,571 OTUs from 503 water samples, spanning 15 fungal phyla, dominated by Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Chytridiomycota. Agricultural land use was associated with decreased mycobiota alpha diversity and distinct fungal communities were observed at agricultural drainage ditch and mixed-land use sites compared to a forested site that had minimal anthropogenic activities in catchment. Notably, river discharge emerged as a predominant influencer of both community diversity and composition, likely amplified by precipitation-induced erosion and drainage from adjacent terrestrial environments.DiscussionWater physicochemical properties, including stream fungicide levels, explained a small proportion of the variation in mycobiota communities, underscoring the significance of unmeasured factors, alongside stochastic community assembly processes. Nevertheless, stream mycobiota demonstrated functional resilience for critical ecological processes under different environmental conditions. Altogether, these results highlight the complex interplay of factors influencing the freshwater mycobiota, which is essential for elevated understanding of the ecosystem services these fungi provide.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1460330/fullaquatic fungimetabarcodingcommunity ecologyland useagriculture |
| spellingShingle | Phillip Pham Phillip Pham Yichao Shi Izhar Khan Mark Sumarah Justin Renaud Mark Sunohara Emilia Craiovan David Lapen Stéphane Aris-Brosou Stéphane Aris-Brosou Wen Chen Wen Chen The functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters: insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota provide Frontiers in Microbiology aquatic fungi metabarcoding community ecology land use agriculture |
| title | The functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters: insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota provide |
| title_full | The functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters: insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota provide |
| title_fullStr | The functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters: insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota provide |
| title_full_unstemmed | The functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters: insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota provide |
| title_short | The functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters: insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota provide |
| title_sort | functions and factors governing fungal communities and diversity in agricultural waters insights into the ecosystem services aquatic mycobiota provide |
| topic | aquatic fungi metabarcoding community ecology land use agriculture |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1460330/full |
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