Mitotic Activity, Cell Survival, and Neuronal Differentiation in the Hilus of the Dentate Gyrus Under Physiological and Hypothyroid Conditions in Adult Wistar Rats
The adult rodent hippocampus is capable of maintaining its capacity to generate new neurons in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG). Interestingly, proliferative cells have also been described in the hilus. The involvement of the hilar neurogenesis process in hippocampal physiology i...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Karla Sánchez-Huerta Ana Karen García-Juárez Lía Diana Colmenero-Rodríguez Yuliana García-Martínez Jorge Pacheco-Rosado |
| author_facet | Karla Sánchez-Huerta Ana Karen García-Juárez Lía Diana Colmenero-Rodríguez Yuliana García-Martínez Jorge Pacheco-Rosado |
| author_sort | Karla Sánchez-Huerta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The adult rodent hippocampus is capable of maintaining its capacity to generate new neurons in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG). Interestingly, proliferative cells have also been described in the hilus. The involvement of the hilar neurogenesis process in hippocampal physiology is unknown. Thyroid hormones (THs) are necessary for the survival of postmitotic progenitor cells, neuroblasts, and immature granule neurons in the SGZ. In contrast, evidence concerning the role of THs in the hilar neurogenesis process is limited. The present study characterized the mitotic activity, cell survival, and neuronal differentiation of hilar neurogenesis under physiological and hypothyroid conditions and compared them with those of the granular layer (GL) and the SGZ of the DG in adult Wistar rats. We found that, under physiological conditions, the hilus harbors fewer proliferative cells than the neurogenic zone (GL/SGZ) does, with a rate of cell survival of 18.9% and a rate of differentiation into granular neurons of 19%. Interestingly, hypothyroidism provokes decreased cell proliferation and an increased rate of cell survival without affecting neuronal differentiation. These effects induced by hypothyroidism in the hilus were different or inclusive, contrary to those observed in the neurogenic zone. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-31989063a64c4dd4b9f4e478a6b8ba282025-08-20T02:45:38ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-07-011414111210.3390/cells14141112Mitotic Activity, Cell Survival, and Neuronal Differentiation in the Hilus of the Dentate Gyrus Under Physiological and Hypothyroid Conditions in Adult Wistar RatsKarla Sánchez-Huerta0Ana Karen García-Juárez1Lía Diana Colmenero-Rodríguez2Yuliana García-Martínez3Jorge Pacheco-Rosado4Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700, Letra C, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Mexico City 04530, MexicoLaboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Fisiología “Mauricio Russek”, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENCB, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, s/n, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, MexicoLaboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Fisiología “Mauricio Russek”, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENCB, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, s/n, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, MexicoLaboratorio de Neurociencias, Subdirección de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Insurgentes Sur 3700, Letra C, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Mexico City 04530, MexicoLaboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Fisiología “Mauricio Russek”, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENCB, Prol. de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, s/n, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, MexicoThe adult rodent hippocampus is capable of maintaining its capacity to generate new neurons in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG). Interestingly, proliferative cells have also been described in the hilus. The involvement of the hilar neurogenesis process in hippocampal physiology is unknown. Thyroid hormones (THs) are necessary for the survival of postmitotic progenitor cells, neuroblasts, and immature granule neurons in the SGZ. In contrast, evidence concerning the role of THs in the hilar neurogenesis process is limited. The present study characterized the mitotic activity, cell survival, and neuronal differentiation of hilar neurogenesis under physiological and hypothyroid conditions and compared them with those of the granular layer (GL) and the SGZ of the DG in adult Wistar rats. We found that, under physiological conditions, the hilus harbors fewer proliferative cells than the neurogenic zone (GL/SGZ) does, with a rate of cell survival of 18.9% and a rate of differentiation into granular neurons of 19%. Interestingly, hypothyroidism provokes decreased cell proliferation and an increased rate of cell survival without affecting neuronal differentiation. These effects induced by hypothyroidism in the hilus were different or inclusive, contrary to those observed in the neurogenic zone.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/14/1112granular neuronshippocampushypothyroidismmethimazoleneuronal differentiation |
| spellingShingle | Karla Sánchez-Huerta Ana Karen García-Juárez Lía Diana Colmenero-Rodríguez Yuliana García-Martínez Jorge Pacheco-Rosado Mitotic Activity, Cell Survival, and Neuronal Differentiation in the Hilus of the Dentate Gyrus Under Physiological and Hypothyroid Conditions in Adult Wistar Rats Cells granular neurons hippocampus hypothyroidism methimazole neuronal differentiation |
| title | Mitotic Activity, Cell Survival, and Neuronal Differentiation in the Hilus of the Dentate Gyrus Under Physiological and Hypothyroid Conditions in Adult Wistar Rats |
| title_full | Mitotic Activity, Cell Survival, and Neuronal Differentiation in the Hilus of the Dentate Gyrus Under Physiological and Hypothyroid Conditions in Adult Wistar Rats |
| title_fullStr | Mitotic Activity, Cell Survival, and Neuronal Differentiation in the Hilus of the Dentate Gyrus Under Physiological and Hypothyroid Conditions in Adult Wistar Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitotic Activity, Cell Survival, and Neuronal Differentiation in the Hilus of the Dentate Gyrus Under Physiological and Hypothyroid Conditions in Adult Wistar Rats |
| title_short | Mitotic Activity, Cell Survival, and Neuronal Differentiation in the Hilus of the Dentate Gyrus Under Physiological and Hypothyroid Conditions in Adult Wistar Rats |
| title_sort | mitotic activity cell survival and neuronal differentiation in the hilus of the dentate gyrus under physiological and hypothyroid conditions in adult wistar rats |
| topic | granular neurons hippocampus hypothyroidism methimazole neuronal differentiation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/14/1112 |
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