Design of Constant Modulus Radar Waveform for PSD Matching Based on MM Algorithm

The power spectral density (PSD) shape of the transmit waveform plays an important role in some fields of radar, such as electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM), target detection, and target classification. In addition, radar hardware generally requires the waveform to have constant modulus (CM) c...

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Main Authors: Hao Zheng, Chaojie Qiu, Chenyu Liang, Junkun Yan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Remote Sensing
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/11/1937
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author Hao Zheng
Chaojie Qiu
Chenyu Liang
Junkun Yan
author_facet Hao Zheng
Chaojie Qiu
Chenyu Liang
Junkun Yan
author_sort Hao Zheng
collection DOAJ
description The power spectral density (PSD) shape of the transmit waveform plays an important role in some fields of radar, such as electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM), target detection, and target classification. In addition, radar hardware generally requires the waveform to have constant modulus (CM) characteristics. Therefore, it is a significant problem to synthesize the discrete-time CM waveform from a given PSD. To address this problem, some algorithms have been proposed in the existing literature. In this paper, based on the majorization–minimization (MM) framework, a novel algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. The proposed algorithm can be proved to converge to the stationary point, and the error reduction property can be obtained without the unitary requirements on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix. To accelerate the convergence rate of the proposed algorithm, three acceleration schemes are developed for the proposed algorithm. Considering a specific algorithm stopping condition, one of the proposed acceleration schemes shows better computation efficiency than the existing algorithms and is more robust to the initial points. Besides, when the DFT matrix is not unitary, the numerical results show that the proposed acceleration scheme has better matching performance compared with the existing algorithms.
format Article
id doaj-art-318fe2d57bd34749860b92af39a06e64
institution Kabale University
issn 2072-4292
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Remote Sensing
spelling doaj-art-318fe2d57bd34749860b92af39a06e642025-08-20T03:46:50ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-06-011711193710.3390/rs17111937Design of Constant Modulus Radar Waveform for PSD Matching Based on MM AlgorithmHao Zheng0Chaojie Qiu1Chenyu Liang2Junkun Yan3College of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010010, ChinaCollege of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010010, ChinaCollege of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010010, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, ChinaThe power spectral density (PSD) shape of the transmit waveform plays an important role in some fields of radar, such as electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM), target detection, and target classification. In addition, radar hardware generally requires the waveform to have constant modulus (CM) characteristics. Therefore, it is a significant problem to synthesize the discrete-time CM waveform from a given PSD. To address this problem, some algorithms have been proposed in the existing literature. In this paper, based on the majorization–minimization (MM) framework, a novel algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. The proposed algorithm can be proved to converge to the stationary point, and the error reduction property can be obtained without the unitary requirements on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix. To accelerate the convergence rate of the proposed algorithm, three acceleration schemes are developed for the proposed algorithm. Considering a specific algorithm stopping condition, one of the proposed acceleration schemes shows better computation efficiency than the existing algorithms and is more robust to the initial points. Besides, when the DFT matrix is not unitary, the numerical results show that the proposed acceleration scheme has better matching performance compared with the existing algorithms.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/11/1937waveform designconstant moduluspower spectral densitymajorization–minimization
spellingShingle Hao Zheng
Chaojie Qiu
Chenyu Liang
Junkun Yan
Design of Constant Modulus Radar Waveform for PSD Matching Based on MM Algorithm
Remote Sensing
waveform design
constant modulus
power spectral density
majorization–minimization
title Design of Constant Modulus Radar Waveform for PSD Matching Based on MM Algorithm
title_full Design of Constant Modulus Radar Waveform for PSD Matching Based on MM Algorithm
title_fullStr Design of Constant Modulus Radar Waveform for PSD Matching Based on MM Algorithm
title_full_unstemmed Design of Constant Modulus Radar Waveform for PSD Matching Based on MM Algorithm
title_short Design of Constant Modulus Radar Waveform for PSD Matching Based on MM Algorithm
title_sort design of constant modulus radar waveform for psd matching based on mm algorithm
topic waveform design
constant modulus
power spectral density
majorization–minimization
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/11/1937
work_keys_str_mv AT haozheng designofconstantmodulusradarwaveformforpsdmatchingbasedonmmalgorithm
AT chaojieqiu designofconstantmodulusradarwaveformforpsdmatchingbasedonmmalgorithm
AT chenyuliang designofconstantmodulusradarwaveformforpsdmatchingbasedonmmalgorithm
AT junkunyan designofconstantmodulusradarwaveformforpsdmatchingbasedonmmalgorithm