The history of Drosophila studies: steps in the development of genetics
Experimental genetic studies of Drosophila were initiated by T.H. Morgan in 1910, when he discovered the sex-linked white-eyed mutation, white. This discovery commenced the transformation of Mendel’s “hereditary factors” to more specific but no less enigmatic W.L. Johanssen’s “genes”. Owing to Droso...
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| Language: | English |
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Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders
2015-07-01
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| Series: | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
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| Online Access: | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/343 |
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| author | N. N. Yurchenko A. V. Ivannikov I. K. Zakharov |
| author_facet | N. N. Yurchenko A. V. Ivannikov I. K. Zakharov |
| author_sort | N. N. Yurchenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Experimental genetic studies of Drosophila were initiated by T.H. Morgan in 1910, when he discovered the sex-linked white-eyed mutation, white. This discovery commenced the transformation of Mendel’s “hereditary factors” to more specific but no less enigmatic W.L. Johanssen’s “genes”. Owing to Drosophila’s biologic features, it became a universal eukaryotic model for genetic, embryological, morphological, physiological, molecular, and cellular studies. Actually, the history of discoveries done on Drosophila species reflects the course of genetics development. That was Drosophila studies to lay foundation for genetic notions of the nature of genes, genetic linkage, mitotic and meiotic chromosome segregation, mechanisms governing mutagenesis and recombination, genetic instability, mobile genetic elements, regularities and genetics of individual development, and microevolutionary processes in populations. The paper considers steps and milestones of genetics development by examples of the American and Russian genetic schools. The American genetics was characterized by “reductionism”, whereas the Russian genetics was inclined to “cosmism”, where emphasis was placed on the understanding of macroevolutionary processes. Drosophila has become a test ground to try new genetic methods, and its studies contribute much to biomedical science. The paper outlines several top priority fields in modern Drosophila studies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-316f6b7371e3467ab716c992d7e36544 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2500-3259 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
| spelling | doaj-art-316f6b7371e3467ab716c992d7e365442025-02-01T09:58:01ZengSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and BreedersВавиловский журнал генетики и селекции2500-32592015-07-01191394910.18699/VJ15.004322The history of Drosophila studies: steps in the development of geneticsN. N. Yurchenko0A. V. Ivannikov1I. K. Zakharov2Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, RussiaExperimental genetic studies of Drosophila were initiated by T.H. Morgan in 1910, when he discovered the sex-linked white-eyed mutation, white. This discovery commenced the transformation of Mendel’s “hereditary factors” to more specific but no less enigmatic W.L. Johanssen’s “genes”. Owing to Drosophila’s biologic features, it became a universal eukaryotic model for genetic, embryological, morphological, physiological, molecular, and cellular studies. Actually, the history of discoveries done on Drosophila species reflects the course of genetics development. That was Drosophila studies to lay foundation for genetic notions of the nature of genes, genetic linkage, mitotic and meiotic chromosome segregation, mechanisms governing mutagenesis and recombination, genetic instability, mobile genetic elements, regularities and genetics of individual development, and microevolutionary processes in populations. The paper considers steps and milestones of genetics development by examples of the American and Russian genetic schools. The American genetics was characterized by “reductionism”, whereas the Russian genetics was inclined to “cosmism”, where emphasis was placed on the understanding of macroevolutionary processes. Drosophila has become a test ground to try new genetic methods, and its studies contribute much to biomedical science. The paper outlines several top priority fields in modern Drosophila studies.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/343drosophila melanogastergenegeneticsmutationsmutagenesischromosome theory of heredityduplicationstranslocationscrossoverpositional effectdose compensationgenome instabilitymobile genetic elementspopulationevolutionreductionism |
| spellingShingle | N. N. Yurchenko A. V. Ivannikov I. K. Zakharov The history of Drosophila studies: steps in the development of genetics Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции drosophila melanogaster gene genetics mutations mutagenesis chromosome theory of heredity duplications translocations crossover positional effect dose compensation genome instability mobile genetic elements population evolution reductionism |
| title | The history of Drosophila studies: steps in the development of genetics |
| title_full | The history of Drosophila studies: steps in the development of genetics |
| title_fullStr | The history of Drosophila studies: steps in the development of genetics |
| title_full_unstemmed | The history of Drosophila studies: steps in the development of genetics |
| title_short | The history of Drosophila studies: steps in the development of genetics |
| title_sort | history of drosophila studies steps in the development of genetics |
| topic | drosophila melanogaster gene genetics mutations mutagenesis chromosome theory of heredity duplications translocations crossover positional effect dose compensation genome instability mobile genetic elements population evolution reductionism |
| url | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/343 |
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