Development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for FFE suppression using AHP and GIS

IntroductionIdentifying optimal locations for constructing emergency water reservoirs for Fire Following Earthquake (FFE) suppression is recognized as a key factor in reducing financial and human losses within FFE crisis management strategies; however, previous studies have not provided a comprehens...

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Main Authors: Ali Tanoumand, Mohammadreza Mashayekhi, Mona S. Ramadan, Ali Majdi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Built Environment
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1638961/full
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author Ali Tanoumand
Mohammadreza Mashayekhi
Mona S. Ramadan
Ali Majdi
author_facet Ali Tanoumand
Mohammadreza Mashayekhi
Mona S. Ramadan
Ali Majdi
author_sort Ali Tanoumand
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionIdentifying optimal locations for constructing emergency water reservoirs for Fire Following Earthquake (FFE) suppression is recognized as a key factor in reducing financial and human losses within FFE crisis management strategies; however, previous studies have not provided a comprehensive model for this purpose.MethodsThis study proposes a method that integrates potential post-earthquake damages, accessibility conditions, and economic considerations to identify the most suitable initial locations for these reservoirs. Based on operational needs in post-earthquake scenarios and relevant literature, the main influential criteria and distance classes were determined. These criteria and distance classes were then weighted and integrated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) methods to generate an optimal location map.ResultsImplementation of the proposed method in Tehran resulted in an optimal location map for FFE-specific emergency water reservoirs. Results indicated that locating reservoirs within 4,000 m of major routes, fire stations, and commercial, industrial, and therapeutic centers simultaneously ensures fire engine access within 10 mins even under worst-case conditions.DiscussionFurthermore, optimally siting reservoirs within 800 m of demand points reduces access time to below 2 mins.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2297-3362
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publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
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spelling doaj-art-315a743af7754e2e84c4cee5c86b0b5e2025-08-20T03:40:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Built Environment2297-33622025-08-011110.3389/fbuil.2025.16389611638961Development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for FFE suppression using AHP and GISAli Tanoumand0Mohammadreza Mashayekhi1Mona S. Ramadan2Ali Majdi3Civil Engineering Department, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, IranCivil Engineering Department, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, IranGeography and Urban Sustainability Department, College of Humanities & Social Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Buildings and Construction Techniques Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hilla, IraqIntroductionIdentifying optimal locations for constructing emergency water reservoirs for Fire Following Earthquake (FFE) suppression is recognized as a key factor in reducing financial and human losses within FFE crisis management strategies; however, previous studies have not provided a comprehensive model for this purpose.MethodsThis study proposes a method that integrates potential post-earthquake damages, accessibility conditions, and economic considerations to identify the most suitable initial locations for these reservoirs. Based on operational needs in post-earthquake scenarios and relevant literature, the main influential criteria and distance classes were determined. These criteria and distance classes were then weighted and integrated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) methods to generate an optimal location map.ResultsImplementation of the proposed method in Tehran resulted in an optimal location map for FFE-specific emergency water reservoirs. Results indicated that locating reservoirs within 4,000 m of major routes, fire stations, and commercial, industrial, and therapeutic centers simultaneously ensures fire engine access within 10 mins even under worst-case conditions.DiscussionFurthermore, optimally siting reservoirs within 800 m of demand points reduces access time to below 2 mins.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1638961/fullfire following earthquakeoptimal locationemergency water reservoirsanalytic hierarchy process (AHP)geographic information system (GIS)
spellingShingle Ali Tanoumand
Mohammadreza Mashayekhi
Mona S. Ramadan
Ali Majdi
Development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for FFE suppression using AHP and GIS
Frontiers in Built Environment
fire following earthquake
optimal location
emergency water reservoirs
analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
geographic information system (GIS)
title Development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for FFE suppression using AHP and GIS
title_full Development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for FFE suppression using AHP and GIS
title_fullStr Development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for FFE suppression using AHP and GIS
title_full_unstemmed Development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for FFE suppression using AHP and GIS
title_short Development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for FFE suppression using AHP and GIS
title_sort development of a method for optimal location of emergency water reservoirs for ffe suppression using ahp and gis
topic fire following earthquake
optimal location
emergency water reservoirs
analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
geographic information system (GIS)
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2025.1638961/full
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AT monasramadan developmentofamethodforoptimallocationofemergencywaterreservoirsforffesuppressionusingahpandgis
AT alimajdi developmentofamethodforoptimallocationofemergencywaterreservoirsforffesuppressionusingahpandgis