Spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system for ultra-sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detection

Abstract Detecting small molecules is pivotal across fields like clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety. The CRISPR-Cas12a system, known for its simplicity and sensitivity, offers a promising basis for small molecule detection. However, current CRISPR-based detection methods...

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Main Authors: Hao Hu, Songcheng Guo, Yiyuan Li, Kejun Dong, Yan Lu, Keyi Ye, Longjie Li, Xiaoyu Zhou, Liming Cheng, Xianjin Xiao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-05-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60265-8
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author Hao Hu
Songcheng Guo
Yiyuan Li
Kejun Dong
Yan Lu
Keyi Ye
Longjie Li
Xiaoyu Zhou
Liming Cheng
Xianjin Xiao
author_facet Hao Hu
Songcheng Guo
Yiyuan Li
Kejun Dong
Yan Lu
Keyi Ye
Longjie Li
Xiaoyu Zhou
Liming Cheng
Xianjin Xiao
author_sort Hao Hu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Detecting small molecules is pivotal across fields like clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety. The CRISPR-Cas12a system, known for its simplicity and sensitivity, offers a promising basis for small molecule detection. However, current CRISPR-based detection methods face challenges, including complex design requirements, high background noise, and limited adaptability to different targets. In our study, we introduce the SBS-Cas system, leveraging a split crRNA mode to induce spatial hindrance on the scaffold strand through molecular binding. This approach prevents the assembly with Cas12a, effectively masking its trans-cleavage activity. By introducing small molecules that competitively bind to the macromolecule, we eliminate this spatial hindrance, activating Cas12a. Our results demonstrate high sensitivity, versatility, and adaptability in small molecule detection across multiple reactions, with successful intracellular imaging and responsive fluctuations in complex environments underscoring the system’s robustness. This innovative CRISPR-Cas12a-based approach establishes a low-background, highly sensitive platform for small molecule detection. SBS-Cas promises not only to enhance tools for clinical, environmental, and food safety applications but also to advance CRISPR research, providing insights and expanding possibilities in molecular detection science.
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institution OA Journals
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-31555271baa34ccb9e0ecd2af28247d32025-08-20T02:00:14ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-05-0116111410.1038/s41467-025-60265-8Spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system for ultra-sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detectionHao Hu0Songcheng Guo1Yiyuan Li2Kejun Dong3Yan Lu4Keyi Ye5Longjie Li6Xiaoyu Zhou7Liming Cheng8Xianjin Xiao9Department of laboratory medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyInstitute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologySchool of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyInstitute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyInstitute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologySchool of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Biomedical Sciences and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong KongDepartment of laboratory medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of laboratory medicine, Tongji hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyAbstract Detecting small molecules is pivotal across fields like clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety. The CRISPR-Cas12a system, known for its simplicity and sensitivity, offers a promising basis for small molecule detection. However, current CRISPR-based detection methods face challenges, including complex design requirements, high background noise, and limited adaptability to different targets. In our study, we introduce the SBS-Cas system, leveraging a split crRNA mode to induce spatial hindrance on the scaffold strand through molecular binding. This approach prevents the assembly with Cas12a, effectively masking its trans-cleavage activity. By introducing small molecules that competitively bind to the macromolecule, we eliminate this spatial hindrance, activating Cas12a. Our results demonstrate high sensitivity, versatility, and adaptability in small molecule detection across multiple reactions, with successful intracellular imaging and responsive fluctuations in complex environments underscoring the system’s robustness. This innovative CRISPR-Cas12a-based approach establishes a low-background, highly sensitive platform for small molecule detection. SBS-Cas promises not only to enhance tools for clinical, environmental, and food safety applications but also to advance CRISPR research, providing insights and expanding possibilities in molecular detection science.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60265-8
spellingShingle Hao Hu
Songcheng Guo
Yiyuan Li
Kejun Dong
Yan Lu
Keyi Ye
Longjie Li
Xiaoyu Zhou
Liming Cheng
Xianjin Xiao
Spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system for ultra-sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detection
Nature Communications
title Spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system for ultra-sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detection
title_full Spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system for ultra-sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detection
title_fullStr Spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system for ultra-sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detection
title_full_unstemmed Spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system for ultra-sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detection
title_short Spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system for ultra-sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detection
title_sort spatially blocked split crispr cas12a system for ultra sensitive and versatile small molecule activation and detection
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60265-8
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