Protocol for a nested case-control study: identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi-stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescents
BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) frequently results in suboptimal treatment outcomes and elevated recurrence rate, with patients frequently engaging in self-harm and suicidal behavior, thereby placing a heavy burden on families and society. Specifically, MDD in adolescents is linked to an e...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1516846/full |
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| author | Jing Wang Chengfeng Zhang Yueqi Zhang Yuanyuan Liu Jingli Zhang Xingwei Fang Wangyang Xia Yanzhao Xie Zhongli Lan Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Min Lu Jun Chen Jun Chen |
| author_facet | Jing Wang Chengfeng Zhang Yueqi Zhang Yuanyuan Liu Jingli Zhang Xingwei Fang Wangyang Xia Yanzhao Xie Zhongli Lan Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Min Lu Jun Chen Jun Chen |
| author_sort | Jing Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) frequently results in suboptimal treatment outcomes and elevated recurrence rate, with patients frequently engaging in self-harm and suicidal behavior, thereby placing a heavy burden on families and society. Specifically, MDD in adolescents is linked to an elevated suicide risk. Thus, early identification and intervention is crucial for adolescents at high risk for developing MDD. Subclinical depression (SD), characterized by depressive symptoms that do not meet the full criteria for MDD, substantially increases the risk of developing MDD. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine body constitution theory, Qi-stagnation constitution (QSC) is also considered a significant risk factor for the progression to MDD. This study protocol aims to identify neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression from adolescents with SD and QSC to those with MDD, facilitating early intervention strategies.Methods and analysisThis nested case-control study includes both longitudinal follow-up and cross-sectional comparison. Three hundred first-year senior high school students diagnosed with SD and QSC will be recruited. The 300 adolescents will undergo rs-fMRI scans at baseline and again after one year. We then divide the 300 adolescents with SD and QSC into two groups based on whether they progress to MDD after one year. Functional brain networks will be constructed based on 400 regions of interest (ROIs). Neuroimaging measures, including regional homogeneity and low-frequency fluctuation for each ROI, as well as graph-based global efficiency, nodal efficiency, and nodal centrality from the binary networks, will then be calculated. Finally, differences in these neuroimaging measures between the two groups at baseline will be analyzed to identify biomarkers that can predict the progression from adolescents with SD and QSC to those with MDD.Study registrationThis study protocol does not involve clinical interventions and is classified as an observational study, so it was not subject to prior registration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-312a6aeec3414f1e951430d12253bf47 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-312a6aeec3414f1e951430d12253bf472025-01-21T08:36:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-01-011510.3389/fpsyt.2024.15168461516846Protocol for a nested case-control study: identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi-stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescentsJing Wang0Chengfeng Zhang1Yueqi Zhang2Yuanyuan Liu3Jingli Zhang4Xingwei Fang5Wangyang Xia6Yanzhao Xie7Zhongli Lan8Jinhui Wang9Jinhui Wang10Jinhui Wang11Jinhui Wang12Min Lu13Jun Chen14Jun Chen15Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of Psychiatry, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of Traditional Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of Prevention and Health Care, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of Information, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, ChinaThe Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, ChinaInstitute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, ChinaCenter for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China0Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China1Department of Hospital Office, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zhuhai, China2Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, ChinaBackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) frequently results in suboptimal treatment outcomes and elevated recurrence rate, with patients frequently engaging in self-harm and suicidal behavior, thereby placing a heavy burden on families and society. Specifically, MDD in adolescents is linked to an elevated suicide risk. Thus, early identification and intervention is crucial for adolescents at high risk for developing MDD. Subclinical depression (SD), characterized by depressive symptoms that do not meet the full criteria for MDD, substantially increases the risk of developing MDD. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine body constitution theory, Qi-stagnation constitution (QSC) is also considered a significant risk factor for the progression to MDD. This study protocol aims to identify neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression from adolescents with SD and QSC to those with MDD, facilitating early intervention strategies.Methods and analysisThis nested case-control study includes both longitudinal follow-up and cross-sectional comparison. Three hundred first-year senior high school students diagnosed with SD and QSC will be recruited. The 300 adolescents will undergo rs-fMRI scans at baseline and again after one year. We then divide the 300 adolescents with SD and QSC into two groups based on whether they progress to MDD after one year. Functional brain networks will be constructed based on 400 regions of interest (ROIs). Neuroimaging measures, including regional homogeneity and low-frequency fluctuation for each ROI, as well as graph-based global efficiency, nodal efficiency, and nodal centrality from the binary networks, will then be calculated. Finally, differences in these neuroimaging measures between the two groups at baseline will be analyzed to identify biomarkers that can predict the progression from adolescents with SD and QSC to those with MDD.Study registrationThis study protocol does not involve clinical interventions and is classified as an observational study, so it was not subject to prior registration.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1516846/fullmajor depressive disordersubclinical depressionqi-stagnation constitutionfunctional magnetic resonance imagingneuroimaging biomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Jing Wang Chengfeng Zhang Yueqi Zhang Yuanyuan Liu Jingli Zhang Xingwei Fang Wangyang Xia Yanzhao Xie Zhongli Lan Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Jinhui Wang Min Lu Jun Chen Jun Chen Protocol for a nested case-control study: identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi-stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescents Frontiers in Psychiatry major depressive disorder subclinical depression qi-stagnation constitution functional magnetic resonance imaging neuroimaging biomarkers |
| title | Protocol for a nested case-control study: identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi-stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescents |
| title_full | Protocol for a nested case-control study: identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi-stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescents |
| title_fullStr | Protocol for a nested case-control study: identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi-stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protocol for a nested case-control study: identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi-stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescents |
| title_short | Protocol for a nested case-control study: identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi-stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescents |
| title_sort | protocol for a nested case control study identifying neuroimaging biomarkers for the progression of subclinical depression and qi stagnation constitution to major depressive disorder in adolescents |
| topic | major depressive disorder subclinical depression qi-stagnation constitution functional magnetic resonance imaging neuroimaging biomarkers |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1516846/full |
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