Genomic insights into disease vectors: Divergent evolution of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sand flies and kissing bugs
Vector-borne diseases pose major global health challenges, with mosquitoes, tsetse flies, and sand flies serving as key insect vectors. This review explores the genomic basis of hematophagy, reproduction, and vector competence across these species. Comparative analyses reveal significant differences...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Decoding Infection and Transmission |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294992402500014X |
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| author | Lifeng Du Jingwen Wang |
| author_facet | Lifeng Du Jingwen Wang |
| author_sort | Lifeng Du |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vector-borne diseases pose major global health challenges, with mosquitoes, tsetse flies, and sand flies serving as key insect vectors. This review explores the genomic basis of hematophagy, reproduction, and vector competence across these species. Comparative analyses reveal significant differences in genome size, transposable element content, chemosensory gene repertoires, immune pathways, and symbiotic associations. Mosquitoes possess large, transposable elements (TEs)-rich genomes and expanded antiviral gene families, supporting broad arbovirus transmission. Tsetse flies exhibit compact genomes with viviparous adaptations and obligate symbiosis aiding trypanosome transmission. Sand flies display streamlined genomes with species-specific immune responses and salivary factors that facilitate Leishmania infection. Kissing bugs, with moderate fecundity, lineage-specific immune adaptations, transmit Trypanosoma cruzi across species. These findings highlight how genomic architecture shapes vectorial capacity, offering insights for targeted disease control. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3125a9791b924dc7b4ff24a39dfa002c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2949-9240 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Decoding Infection and Transmission |
| spelling | doaj-art-3125a9791b924dc7b4ff24a39dfa002c2025-08-20T03:09:34ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Decoding Infection and Transmission2949-92402025-01-01310005310.1016/j.dcit.2025.100053Genomic insights into disease vectors: Divergent evolution of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sand flies and kissing bugsLifeng Du0Jingwen Wang1State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, Fudan University, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR ChinaState Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, Fudan University, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, Fudan University, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, PR ChinaVector-borne diseases pose major global health challenges, with mosquitoes, tsetse flies, and sand flies serving as key insect vectors. This review explores the genomic basis of hematophagy, reproduction, and vector competence across these species. Comparative analyses reveal significant differences in genome size, transposable element content, chemosensory gene repertoires, immune pathways, and symbiotic associations. Mosquitoes possess large, transposable elements (TEs)-rich genomes and expanded antiviral gene families, supporting broad arbovirus transmission. Tsetse flies exhibit compact genomes with viviparous adaptations and obligate symbiosis aiding trypanosome transmission. Sand flies display streamlined genomes with species-specific immune responses and salivary factors that facilitate Leishmania infection. Kissing bugs, with moderate fecundity, lineage-specific immune adaptations, transmit Trypanosoma cruzi across species. These findings highlight how genomic architecture shapes vectorial capacity, offering insights for targeted disease control.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294992402500014XGenomic featuresPathogenMosquitoTsetse flySand flyKissing bug |
| spellingShingle | Lifeng Du Jingwen Wang Genomic insights into disease vectors: Divergent evolution of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sand flies and kissing bugs Decoding Infection and Transmission Genomic features Pathogen Mosquito Tsetse fly Sand fly Kissing bug |
| title | Genomic insights into disease vectors: Divergent evolution of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sand flies and kissing bugs |
| title_full | Genomic insights into disease vectors: Divergent evolution of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sand flies and kissing bugs |
| title_fullStr | Genomic insights into disease vectors: Divergent evolution of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sand flies and kissing bugs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genomic insights into disease vectors: Divergent evolution of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sand flies and kissing bugs |
| title_short | Genomic insights into disease vectors: Divergent evolution of mosquitoes, tsetse flies, sand flies and kissing bugs |
| title_sort | genomic insights into disease vectors divergent evolution of mosquitoes tsetse flies sand flies and kissing bugs |
| topic | Genomic features Pathogen Mosquito Tsetse fly Sand fly Kissing bug |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294992402500014X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lifengdu genomicinsightsintodiseasevectorsdivergentevolutionofmosquitoestsetsefliessandfliesandkissingbugs AT jingwenwang genomicinsightsintodiseasevectorsdivergentevolutionofmosquitoestsetsefliessandfliesandkissingbugs |