AhR deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cGAS-STING-NLRP3 activation: Therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with FICZ

Delayed healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is driven by chronic inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. We identify the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a key regulator of immune and mitochondrial homeostasis in diabetic wounds. AhR expression was elevated in macrophages from human and mur...

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Main Authors: Yingying Wang, Tianyi Ni, Qian Zhang, Zibo Xu, Zhechen Zhu, Jiaheng Xie, Min Yi, Liying Tu, Zexiong Cheng, Yiwen Gao, Haowen Xu, Wei Yan, Jingping Shi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-10-01
Series:Materials Today Bio
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590006425006891
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author Yingying Wang
Tianyi Ni
Qian Zhang
Zibo Xu
Zhechen Zhu
Jiaheng Xie
Min Yi
Liying Tu
Zexiong Cheng
Yiwen Gao
Haowen Xu
Wei Yan
Jingping Shi
author_facet Yingying Wang
Tianyi Ni
Qian Zhang
Zibo Xu
Zhechen Zhu
Jiaheng Xie
Min Yi
Liying Tu
Zexiong Cheng
Yiwen Gao
Haowen Xu
Wei Yan
Jingping Shi
author_sort Yingying Wang
collection DOAJ
description Delayed healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is driven by chronic inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. We identify the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a key regulator of immune and mitochondrial homeostasis in diabetic wounds. AhR expression was elevated in macrophages from human and murine DFUs. In AhR knockout mice, loss of AhR impaired M2 macrophage polarization and enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the cGAS–STING pathway. Mechanistically, AhR deficiency suppressed mitophagy, causing mitochondrial DNA leakage and sustained inflammatory signaling. To target this axis, we developed a FICZ-loaded GelMA hydrogel (GelMA–FICZ). Local application of GelMA–FICZ restored mitochondrial function, inhibited inflammasome activation, and significantly improved wound healing in diabetic mice. This study reveals a critical AhR–mitochondria–inflammasome pathway in DFUs and suggests a novel biomaterial-based immunomodulatory therapy for diabetic wound repair.
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institution DOAJ
issn 2590-0064
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publishDate 2025-10-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Materials Today Bio
spelling doaj-art-310e7a8514e946d093ccaa36d75be04f2025-08-20T02:48:38ZengElsevierMaterials Today Bio2590-00642025-10-013410211910.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102119AhR deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cGAS-STING-NLRP3 activation: Therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with FICZYingying Wang0Tianyi Ni1Qian Zhang2Zibo Xu3Zhechen Zhu4Jiaheng Xie5Min Yi6Liying Tu7Zexiong Cheng8Yiwen Gao9Haowen Xu10Wei Yan11Jingping Shi12Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaDepartment of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaPeking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100000, PR ChinaDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR ChinaDepartment of Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaDepartment of Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR ChinaDepartment of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China; Corresponding author.Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu, PR China; Corresponding author.Delayed healing of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is driven by chronic inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. We identify the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as a key regulator of immune and mitochondrial homeostasis in diabetic wounds. AhR expression was elevated in macrophages from human and murine DFUs. In AhR knockout mice, loss of AhR impaired M2 macrophage polarization and enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the cGAS–STING pathway. Mechanistically, AhR deficiency suppressed mitophagy, causing mitochondrial DNA leakage and sustained inflammatory signaling. To target this axis, we developed a FICZ-loaded GelMA hydrogel (GelMA–FICZ). Local application of GelMA–FICZ restored mitochondrial function, inhibited inflammasome activation, and significantly improved wound healing in diabetic mice. This study reveals a critical AhR–mitochondria–inflammasome pathway in DFUs and suggests a novel biomaterial-based immunomodulatory therapy for diabetic wound repair.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590006425006891Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)Macrophage polarizationMitophagyGelMA hydrogel
spellingShingle Yingying Wang
Tianyi Ni
Qian Zhang
Zibo Xu
Zhechen Zhu
Jiaheng Xie
Min Yi
Liying Tu
Zexiong Cheng
Yiwen Gao
Haowen Xu
Wei Yan
Jingping Shi
AhR deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cGAS-STING-NLRP3 activation: Therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with FICZ
Materials Today Bio
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)
Macrophage polarization
Mitophagy
GelMA hydrogel
title AhR deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cGAS-STING-NLRP3 activation: Therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with FICZ
title_full AhR deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cGAS-STING-NLRP3 activation: Therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with FICZ
title_fullStr AhR deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cGAS-STING-NLRP3 activation: Therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with FICZ
title_full_unstemmed AhR deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cGAS-STING-NLRP3 activation: Therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with FICZ
title_short AhR deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cGAS-STING-NLRP3 activation: Therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with FICZ
title_sort ahr deficiency exacerbates inflammation in diabetic wounds via impaired mitophagy and cgas sting nlrp3 activation therapeutic potential of hydrogels loaded with ficz
topic Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)
Macrophage polarization
Mitophagy
GelMA hydrogel
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590006425006891
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