Variable Nitrogen Fixation in Wild Populus.

The microbiome of plants is diverse, and like that of animals, is important for overall health and nutrient acquisition. In legumes and actinorhizal plants, a portion of essential nitrogen (N) is obtained through symbiosis with nodule-inhabiting, N2-fixing microorganisms. However, a variety of non-n...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sharon L Doty, Andrew W Sher, Neil D Fleck, Mahsa Khorasani, Roger E Bumgarner, Zareen Khan, Andrew W K Ko, Soo-Hyung Kim, Thomas H DeLuca
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2016-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0155979&type=printable
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849722988564316160
author Sharon L Doty
Andrew W Sher
Neil D Fleck
Mahsa Khorasani
Roger E Bumgarner
Zareen Khan
Andrew W K Ko
Soo-Hyung Kim
Thomas H DeLuca
author_facet Sharon L Doty
Andrew W Sher
Neil D Fleck
Mahsa Khorasani
Roger E Bumgarner
Zareen Khan
Andrew W K Ko
Soo-Hyung Kim
Thomas H DeLuca
author_sort Sharon L Doty
collection DOAJ
description The microbiome of plants is diverse, and like that of animals, is important for overall health and nutrient acquisition. In legumes and actinorhizal plants, a portion of essential nitrogen (N) is obtained through symbiosis with nodule-inhabiting, N2-fixing microorganisms. However, a variety of non-nodulating plant species can also thrive in natural, low-N settings. Some of these species may rely on endophytes, microorganisms that live within plants, to fix N2 gas into usable forms. Here we report the first direct evidence of N2 fixation in the early successional wild tree, Populus trichocarpa, a non-leguminous tree, from its native riparian habitat. In order to measure N2 fixation, surface-sterilized cuttings of wild poplar were assayed using both 15N2 incorporation and the commonly used acetylene reduction assay. The 15N label was incorporated at high levels in a subset of cuttings, suggesting a high level of N-fixation. Similarly, acetylene was reduced to ethylene in some samples. The microbiota of the cuttings was highly variable, both in numbers of cultured bacteria and in genetic diversity. Our results indicated that associative N2-fixation occurred within wild poplar and that a non-uniformity in the distribution of endophytic bacteria may explain the variability in N-fixation activity. These results point to the need for molecular studies to decipher the required microbial consortia and conditions for effective endophytic N2-fixation in trees.
format Article
id doaj-art-30fbdec030184e46b3526c26d412fbac
institution DOAJ
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2016-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-30fbdec030184e46b3526c26d412fbac2025-08-20T03:11:10ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032016-01-01115e015597910.1371/journal.pone.0155979Variable Nitrogen Fixation in Wild Populus.Sharon L DotyAndrew W SherNeil D FleckMahsa KhorasaniRoger E BumgarnerZareen KhanAndrew W K KoSoo-Hyung KimThomas H DeLucaThe microbiome of plants is diverse, and like that of animals, is important for overall health and nutrient acquisition. In legumes and actinorhizal plants, a portion of essential nitrogen (N) is obtained through symbiosis with nodule-inhabiting, N2-fixing microorganisms. However, a variety of non-nodulating plant species can also thrive in natural, low-N settings. Some of these species may rely on endophytes, microorganisms that live within plants, to fix N2 gas into usable forms. Here we report the first direct evidence of N2 fixation in the early successional wild tree, Populus trichocarpa, a non-leguminous tree, from its native riparian habitat. In order to measure N2 fixation, surface-sterilized cuttings of wild poplar were assayed using both 15N2 incorporation and the commonly used acetylene reduction assay. The 15N label was incorporated at high levels in a subset of cuttings, suggesting a high level of N-fixation. Similarly, acetylene was reduced to ethylene in some samples. The microbiota of the cuttings was highly variable, both in numbers of cultured bacteria and in genetic diversity. Our results indicated that associative N2-fixation occurred within wild poplar and that a non-uniformity in the distribution of endophytic bacteria may explain the variability in N-fixation activity. These results point to the need for molecular studies to decipher the required microbial consortia and conditions for effective endophytic N2-fixation in trees.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0155979&type=printable
spellingShingle Sharon L Doty
Andrew W Sher
Neil D Fleck
Mahsa Khorasani
Roger E Bumgarner
Zareen Khan
Andrew W K Ko
Soo-Hyung Kim
Thomas H DeLuca
Variable Nitrogen Fixation in Wild Populus.
PLoS ONE
title Variable Nitrogen Fixation in Wild Populus.
title_full Variable Nitrogen Fixation in Wild Populus.
title_fullStr Variable Nitrogen Fixation in Wild Populus.
title_full_unstemmed Variable Nitrogen Fixation in Wild Populus.
title_short Variable Nitrogen Fixation in Wild Populus.
title_sort variable nitrogen fixation in wild populus
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0155979&type=printable
work_keys_str_mv AT sharonldoty variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus
AT andrewwsher variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus
AT neildfleck variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus
AT mahsakhorasani variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus
AT rogerebumgarner variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus
AT zareenkhan variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus
AT andrewwkko variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus
AT soohyungkim variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus
AT thomashdeluca variablenitrogenfixationinwildpopulus