Protection against APOE4-associated phenotypes with the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol in middle-aged male mice

Abstract Background The apolipoprotein ε4 allele (APOE4) is associated with decreased longevity and increased vulnerability to age-related declines and disorders across multiple systems. Interventions that promote healthspan and lifespan represent a promising strategy to attenuate the development of...

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Main Authors: Cassandra J. McGill, Amy Christensen, Wenjie Qian, Max A. Thorwald, Jose Godoy Lugo, Sara Namvari, Olivia S. White, Caleb E. Finch, Bérénice A. Benayoun, Christian J. Pike
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-06-01
Series:Communications Medicine
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00942-3
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author Cassandra J. McGill
Amy Christensen
Wenjie Qian
Max A. Thorwald
Jose Godoy Lugo
Sara Namvari
Olivia S. White
Caleb E. Finch
Bérénice A. Benayoun
Christian J. Pike
author_facet Cassandra J. McGill
Amy Christensen
Wenjie Qian
Max A. Thorwald
Jose Godoy Lugo
Sara Namvari
Olivia S. White
Caleb E. Finch
Bérénice A. Benayoun
Christian J. Pike
author_sort Cassandra J. McGill
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The apolipoprotein ε4 allele (APOE4) is associated with decreased longevity and increased vulnerability to age-related declines and disorders across multiple systems. Interventions that promote healthspan and lifespan represent a promising strategy to attenuate the development of APOE4-associated aging phenotypes. Here, we studied the ability of the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol (17αE2) to protect against impairments in APOE4 versus the predominant APOE3 genotype using early middle-aged mice with knock-in of human APOE alleles. Methods Beginning at age 10 months, male APOE3 or APOE4 mice were treated for 20 weeks with 17αE2 or vehicle then compared body-wide for indices of middle-aged phenotypes. Results Across peripheral and neural measures, APOE4 associates with poorer outcomes. Notably, 17αE2 treatment generally improves outcomes in a genotype-dependent manner, favoring APOE4 mice, including reductions in body weight, plasma leptin, hepatic steatosis, learning and memory, and oxidative damage in the brain. Plasma lipidomics and microglial transcriptomics show reductions in genotype-specific differences with 17αE2 treatment. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that APOE4 promotes systemic and neural aging phenotypes linked to AD and that 17αE2-mediated healthspan actions show a positive APOE4 bias. Collectively, the findings suggest that longevity-promoting interventions may be useful in mitigating deleterious age-related risks associated with the APOE4 genotype.
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spelling doaj-art-30f280fe85b3487cbd810eecc51860922025-08-20T03:45:32ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Medicine2730-664X2025-06-015111710.1038/s43856-025-00942-3Protection against APOE4-associated phenotypes with the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol in middle-aged male miceCassandra J. McGill0Amy Christensen1Wenjie Qian2Max A. Thorwald3Jose Godoy Lugo4Sara Namvari5Olivia S. White6Caleb E. Finch7Bérénice A. Benayoun8Christian J. Pike9Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern CaliforniaAbstract Background The apolipoprotein ε4 allele (APOE4) is associated with decreased longevity and increased vulnerability to age-related declines and disorders across multiple systems. Interventions that promote healthspan and lifespan represent a promising strategy to attenuate the development of APOE4-associated aging phenotypes. Here, we studied the ability of the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol (17αE2) to protect against impairments in APOE4 versus the predominant APOE3 genotype using early middle-aged mice with knock-in of human APOE alleles. Methods Beginning at age 10 months, male APOE3 or APOE4 mice were treated for 20 weeks with 17αE2 or vehicle then compared body-wide for indices of middle-aged phenotypes. Results Across peripheral and neural measures, APOE4 associates with poorer outcomes. Notably, 17αE2 treatment generally improves outcomes in a genotype-dependent manner, favoring APOE4 mice, including reductions in body weight, plasma leptin, hepatic steatosis, learning and memory, and oxidative damage in the brain. Plasma lipidomics and microglial transcriptomics show reductions in genotype-specific differences with 17αE2 treatment. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that APOE4 promotes systemic and neural aging phenotypes linked to AD and that 17αE2-mediated healthspan actions show a positive APOE4 bias. Collectively, the findings suggest that longevity-promoting interventions may be useful in mitigating deleterious age-related risks associated with the APOE4 genotype.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00942-3
spellingShingle Cassandra J. McGill
Amy Christensen
Wenjie Qian
Max A. Thorwald
Jose Godoy Lugo
Sara Namvari
Olivia S. White
Caleb E. Finch
Bérénice A. Benayoun
Christian J. Pike
Protection against APOE4-associated phenotypes with the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol in middle-aged male mice
Communications Medicine
title Protection against APOE4-associated phenotypes with the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol in middle-aged male mice
title_full Protection against APOE4-associated phenotypes with the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol in middle-aged male mice
title_fullStr Protection against APOE4-associated phenotypes with the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol in middle-aged male mice
title_full_unstemmed Protection against APOE4-associated phenotypes with the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol in middle-aged male mice
title_short Protection against APOE4-associated phenotypes with the longevity-promoting intervention 17α-estradiol in middle-aged male mice
title_sort protection against apoe4 associated phenotypes with the longevity promoting intervention 17α estradiol in middle aged male mice
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-00942-3
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