Trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Medicine Sans Frontier´s Abdurafi Treatment Center, West Armachiho District, Ethiopia, 2009-2015, a retrospective descriptive analysis

Introduction: Leishmaniasis currently threatens 350 million men, women and children around the world. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal parasitic disease mostly prevalent in low land areas VL typically affects migrant agricultural workers. Visceral leishmaniasis is caused by the Leishmaniasis d...

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Main Authors: Sisay Awoke, Sefonias Getachew, Yimer Seid, Tatek Bogale
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: African Field Epidemiology Network 2022-05-01
Series:Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health
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Online Access:https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/5/11/full/
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author Sisay Awoke
Sefonias Getachew
Yimer Seid
Tatek Bogale
author_facet Sisay Awoke
Sefonias Getachew
Yimer Seid
Tatek Bogale
author_sort Sisay Awoke
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Leishmaniasis currently threatens 350 million men, women and children around the world. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal parasitic disease mostly prevalent in low land areas VL typically affects migrant agricultural workers. Visceral leishmaniasis is caused by the Leishmaniasis donovani complex, which includes Leishmaniasis donovani and Leishmaniasis infantum. An estimated 200,000 to 400,000 new cases of visceral leishmaniasis occur worldwide each year. This study aims to understand the trend, magnitude and mortality of visceral leishmaniasis at MSF Abdurafi treatment center during the period (2009-2015). Methods: Retrospective secondary data analysis was conducted on monthly kala-azar report of MSF Abderafi treatment center in West Armachiho district. We included a total of 11680 patients screened for leishmaniasis in 2009-2015. We entered and analyzed data using Microsoft Excel. Results: Among 11680 patients screened for kalazar in the study period (2009-2015), 2131 were primary kalazar cases, 198 kalazar were relapse and 19 were post kalazar dermal leishmaniasis. The case fatality of kalazar ranged from 0.9% (4/469) in 2014 to 7.4% (22/296) in 2013. The highest cure rate was (96%) in 2015, and the least was (89%) in 2009. The total case fatality rate during study period was 4% (92/2263). The highest HIV/Kala-azar coinfection rate was 15% in 2009 and the lowest was 4.8% in 2014. Conclusion: Visceral leishmaniasis was highly prevalent in the study area. There was high kala-azar mortality rate and majority of deaths were unrecognized. Prevalence rate of VL-HIV co-infection and relapse was higher at MSF Abdurafi kalazar treatment center in West Armachiho district. Ministry of health should strengthen prevention and control mechanisms of kala-azar. Ministry of health and MSF Holland should conduct further studies on the cause of death among kala-azar patients, because there may be drug toxicity or other complications.
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spelling doaj-art-30cfb6b4dbd247808834fbb8fd9bf6e72025-08-20T02:25:48ZengAfrican Field Epidemiology NetworkJournal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health2664-28242022-05-0152https://doi.org/10.37432/jieph.2022.5.2.59Trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Medicine Sans Frontier´s Abdurafi Treatment Center, West Armachiho District, Ethiopia, 2009-2015, a retrospective descriptive analysisSisay Awoke0Sefonias Getachew1Yimer Seid2Tatek Bogale3Amhara Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, EthiopiaSchool of Public Health College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, EthiopiaSchool of Public Health College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, EthiopiaMinistry of Health, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaIntroduction: Leishmaniasis currently threatens 350 million men, women and children around the world. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal parasitic disease mostly prevalent in low land areas VL typically affects migrant agricultural workers. Visceral leishmaniasis is caused by the Leishmaniasis donovani complex, which includes Leishmaniasis donovani and Leishmaniasis infantum. An estimated 200,000 to 400,000 new cases of visceral leishmaniasis occur worldwide each year. This study aims to understand the trend, magnitude and mortality of visceral leishmaniasis at MSF Abdurafi treatment center during the period (2009-2015). Methods: Retrospective secondary data analysis was conducted on monthly kala-azar report of MSF Abderafi treatment center in West Armachiho district. We included a total of 11680 patients screened for leishmaniasis in 2009-2015. We entered and analyzed data using Microsoft Excel. Results: Among 11680 patients screened for kalazar in the study period (2009-2015), 2131 were primary kalazar cases, 198 kalazar were relapse and 19 were post kalazar dermal leishmaniasis. The case fatality of kalazar ranged from 0.9% (4/469) in 2014 to 7.4% (22/296) in 2013. The highest cure rate was (96%) in 2015, and the least was (89%) in 2009. The total case fatality rate during study period was 4% (92/2263). The highest HIV/Kala-azar coinfection rate was 15% in 2009 and the lowest was 4.8% in 2014. Conclusion: Visceral leishmaniasis was highly prevalent in the study area. There was high kala-azar mortality rate and majority of deaths were unrecognized. Prevalence rate of VL-HIV co-infection and relapse was higher at MSF Abdurafi kalazar treatment center in West Armachiho district. Ministry of health should strengthen prevention and control mechanisms of kala-azar. Ministry of health and MSF Holland should conduct further studies on the cause of death among kala-azar patients, because there may be drug toxicity or other complications.https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/5/11/full/kala-azarleishmaniasisvisceralsurveillancewest armachihoethiopia
spellingShingle Sisay Awoke
Sefonias Getachew
Yimer Seid
Tatek Bogale
Trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Medicine Sans Frontier´s Abdurafi Treatment Center, West Armachiho District, Ethiopia, 2009-2015, a retrospective descriptive analysis
Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health
kala-azar
leishmaniasis
visceral
surveillance
west armachiho
ethiopia
title Trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Medicine Sans Frontier´s Abdurafi Treatment Center, West Armachiho District, Ethiopia, 2009-2015, a retrospective descriptive analysis
title_full Trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Medicine Sans Frontier´s Abdurafi Treatment Center, West Armachiho District, Ethiopia, 2009-2015, a retrospective descriptive analysis
title_fullStr Trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Medicine Sans Frontier´s Abdurafi Treatment Center, West Armachiho District, Ethiopia, 2009-2015, a retrospective descriptive analysis
title_full_unstemmed Trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Medicine Sans Frontier´s Abdurafi Treatment Center, West Armachiho District, Ethiopia, 2009-2015, a retrospective descriptive analysis
title_short Trend of Visceral Leishmaniasis at Medicine Sans Frontier´s Abdurafi Treatment Center, West Armachiho District, Ethiopia, 2009-2015, a retrospective descriptive analysis
title_sort trend of visceral leishmaniasis at medicine sans frontier´s abdurafi treatment center west armachiho district ethiopia 2009 2015 a retrospective descriptive analysis
topic kala-azar
leishmaniasis
visceral
surveillance
west armachiho
ethiopia
url https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/5/11/full/
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