Capillary suction across the soil–snow interface as a mechanism for the formation of wet basal layers under gliding snowpacks
Capillary suction across the soil–snow interface is a possible mechanism for the formation of wet basal snow layers, which are necessary for snow gliding and glide-snow avalanches. However, little is known about the conditions under which this process occurs. We investigated capillary suction across...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Glaciology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022143025000024/type/journal_article |
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| Summary: | Capillary suction across the soil–snow interface is a possible mechanism for the formation of wet basal snow layers, which are necessary for snow gliding and glide-snow avalanches. However, little is known about the conditions under which this process occurs. We investigated capillary suction across the soil–snow interface considering realistic snow and soil properties. Snow properties were determined from snow profiles and soil properties were determined from field measurements of liquid water content, matric potential, soil texture and bulk density for 40 alpine soils in Davos, Switzerland, as well as a field site in the region (Seewer Berg) with glide-snow avalanche activity. For the alpine soils investigated here, the results show that capillary flow from the soil to the snow is possible for realistic snow properties but requires a soil saturation of ∼90% or higher at the soil surface. When comparing the 90% saturation threshold to field measurements, the results suggest that capillary suction across the soil–snow interface is unlikely to contribute significantly to the formation of wet basal layers on Seewer Berg. These results are also relevant for soil and snow hydrology, where water transport across the soil–snow interface is important and understudied. |
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| ISSN: | 0022-1430 1727-5652 |