Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer’s Disease

Owing to the intricacy of the dementia course and the selection of clinical trial populations, research on distinct populations, comorbid conditions, and disease heterogeneity is currently a topic of great interest. For instance, more than 30% of individuals enlisted for natural history and clinical...

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Main Authors: Ze Yang, Jinhua Sheng, Qiao Zhang, Xiaoying Zhao, Yan Song, Guiguan Dong, Rong Zhang, Hongliang Zhao, Jialei Wang, Rong Pan, Haodi Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IMR Press 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
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Online Access:https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/24/5/10.31083/JIN26584
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author Ze Yang
Jinhua Sheng
Qiao Zhang
Xiaoying Zhao
Yan Song
Guiguan Dong
Rong Zhang
Hongliang Zhao
Jialei Wang
Rong Pan
Haodi Zhu
author_facet Ze Yang
Jinhua Sheng
Qiao Zhang
Xiaoying Zhao
Yan Song
Guiguan Dong
Rong Zhang
Hongliang Zhao
Jialei Wang
Rong Pan
Haodi Zhu
author_sort Ze Yang
collection DOAJ
description Owing to the intricacy of the dementia course and the selection of clinical trial populations, research on distinct populations, comorbid conditions, and disease heterogeneity is currently a topic of great interest. For instance, more than 30% of individuals enlisted for natural history and clinical trial studies may exhibit pathology extending beyond Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Additionally, recent autopsy studies have evinced significant heterogeneity in the neuropathology of individuals who succumb to dementia, with approximately 10%–30% of those clinically diagnosed with AD revealing no neurological lesions at autopsy. Nevertheless, 30%–40% of cognitively intact elderly individuals exhibit neurological lesions at autopsy. This indicates that the brain can withstand accumulated aging and neurological lesions while retaining brain integrity (brain resilience) or cognitive function (cognitive resilience). Presently, there is a lack of consensus on how to precisely define and measure the resilience of the brain and cognitive decline. This article encapsulates the research on constructing multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers for cognitive resilience, summarizes existing methods, and proposes some improvements. Furthermore, research findings on the biological mechanisms and genetic traits of brain resilience were collated, and the mechanisms for the formation of resilience and the genetic loci governing it were elucidated. Potential future research directions are also discussed.
format Article
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institution Kabale University
issn 0219-6352
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher IMR Press
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series Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
spelling doaj-art-30a7c409fb0e4ccd91b23f5a2083f49b2025-08-20T03:24:47ZengIMR PressJournal of Integrative Neuroscience0219-63522025-05-012452658410.31083/JIN26584S0219-6352(24)00892-1Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer’s DiseaseZe Yang0Jinhua Sheng1Qiao Zhang2Xiaoying Zhao3Yan Song4Guiguan Dong5Rong Zhang6Hongliang Zhao7Jialei Wang8Rong Pan9Haodi Zhu10School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaGeriatric Medicine Department, Beijing Hospital, 100730 Beijing, ChinaDigital Technology Research Center, China Electronics Standardization Institute, 100007 Beijing, ChinaGeriatric Medicine Department, Beijing Hospital, 100730 Beijing, ChinaDigital Technology Research Center, China Electronics Standardization Institute, 100007 Beijing, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaDigital Technology Research Center, China Electronics Standardization Institute, 100007 Beijing, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaDigital Technology Research Center, China Electronics Standardization Institute, 100007 Beijing, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaOwing to the intricacy of the dementia course and the selection of clinical trial populations, research on distinct populations, comorbid conditions, and disease heterogeneity is currently a topic of great interest. For instance, more than 30% of individuals enlisted for natural history and clinical trial studies may exhibit pathology extending beyond Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Additionally, recent autopsy studies have evinced significant heterogeneity in the neuropathology of individuals who succumb to dementia, with approximately 10%–30% of those clinically diagnosed with AD revealing no neurological lesions at autopsy. Nevertheless, 30%–40% of cognitively intact elderly individuals exhibit neurological lesions at autopsy. This indicates that the brain can withstand accumulated aging and neurological lesions while retaining brain integrity (brain resilience) or cognitive function (cognitive resilience). Presently, there is a lack of consensus on how to precisely define and measure the resilience of the brain and cognitive decline. This article encapsulates the research on constructing multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers for cognitive resilience, summarizes existing methods, and proposes some improvements. Furthermore, research findings on the biological mechanisms and genetic traits of brain resilience were collated, and the mechanisms for the formation of resilience and the genetic loci governing it were elucidated. Potential future research directions are also discussed.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/24/5/10.31083/JIN26584alzheimer’s diseasea/t/n frameworkbrain networkgeneticscognitive resilience
spellingShingle Ze Yang
Jinhua Sheng
Qiao Zhang
Xiaoying Zhao
Yan Song
Guiguan Dong
Rong Zhang
Hongliang Zhao
Jialei Wang
Rong Pan
Haodi Zhu
Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer’s Disease
Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
alzheimer’s disease
a/t/n framework
brain network
genetics
cognitive resilience
title Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_full Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_fullStr Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_full_unstemmed Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_short Multimodal Imaging Markers of Cognitive Resilience and Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Resilience in Alzheimer’s Disease
title_sort multimodal imaging markers of cognitive resilience and molecular mechanisms of brain resilience in alzheimer s disease
topic alzheimer’s disease
a/t/n framework
brain network
genetics
cognitive resilience
url https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/24/5/10.31083/JIN26584
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