Comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on PMI estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using GC-MS
IntroductionAccurate post-mortem interval (PMI) estimation is essential in forensic investigations. Although various methods for PMI determination have been developed, only an approximate estimation is still achievable, and an accurate PMI indication is still challenging. Therefore, in this study, w...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Patrycja Mojsak Paulina Samczuk Paulina Samczuk Paulina Klimaszewska Michal Burdukiewicz Michal Burdukiewicz Jaroslaw Chilimoniuk Krystyna Grzesiak Krystyna Grzesiak Karolina Pietrowska Justyna Ciborowska Anna Niemcunowicz-Janica Adam Kretowski Adam Kretowski Michal Ciborowski Michal Ciborowski Michal Szeremeta |
| author_facet | Patrycja Mojsak Paulina Samczuk Paulina Samczuk Paulina Klimaszewska Michal Burdukiewicz Michal Burdukiewicz Jaroslaw Chilimoniuk Krystyna Grzesiak Krystyna Grzesiak Karolina Pietrowska Justyna Ciborowska Anna Niemcunowicz-Janica Adam Kretowski Adam Kretowski Michal Ciborowski Michal Ciborowski Michal Szeremeta |
| author_sort | Patrycja Mojsak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionAccurate post-mortem interval (PMI) estimation is essential in forensic investigations. Although various methods for PMI determination have been developed, only an approximate estimation is still achievable, and an accurate PMI indication is still challenging. Therefore, in this study, we employed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics to assess post-mortem changes in porcine blood samples collected with and without the addition of anticoagulant (EDTA). Our study aimed to identify metabolites dependent on the EDTA addition and time (taking into account the biodiversity of the studied organism) and those that are time−dependent but resistant to the addition of an anticoagulant.MethodsThe experiment was performed on blood samples collected from 16 animals (domestic pig, breed: Polish Large White), 8 with and 8 without EDTA addition. The moment of death (time 0) and 15 additional time points (from 3 to 168 h after death) were selected to examine changes in metabolites’ levels in specific time intervals. We employed linear mixed models to study the relationship between metabolite intensities, time and presence of EDTA while accounting for the effect of individual pigs.Results and DiscussionWe confirmed that the intensity of 16 metabolites (mainly amino acids) significantly depends on PMI and the presence of EDTA. However, the intensity of the ideal biomarker(s) for PMI estimation should be determined only by the time after death and not by external factors such as the presence of the anticoagulant agent. Thus, we identified 41 metabolites with time−dependent intensities that were not susceptible to EDTA presence. Finally, we assessed the performance of these metabolites in a PMI predictive model. Citraconic acid yielded one of the lowest errors in general PMI estimation (32.82 h). Moreover, similar errors were observed for samples with and without EDTA (33.32 h and 32.34 h, respectively). Although the small sample size and information leak in predictive modelling prevent drawing definite conclusions, citraconic acid shows potential as a robust PMI estimator. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-309e223b421142909505937ff0ac1275 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-889X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| spelling | doaj-art-309e223b421142909505937ff0ac12752025-01-07T05:24:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences2296-889X2025-01-011110.3389/fmolb.2024.14006221400622Comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on PMI estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using GC-MSPatrycja Mojsak0Paulina Samczuk1Paulina Samczuk2Paulina Klimaszewska3Michal Burdukiewicz4Michal Burdukiewicz5Jaroslaw Chilimoniuk6Krystyna Grzesiak7Krystyna Grzesiak8Karolina Pietrowska9Justyna Ciborowska10Anna Niemcunowicz-Janica11Adam Kretowski12Adam Kretowski13Michal Ciborowski14Michal Ciborowski15Michal Szeremeta16Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandMetabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Genetic Research, Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Warsaw, PolandMetabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandMetabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandInstitute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola, SpainMetabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandMetabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandFaculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, PolandMetabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandChemical Research Laboratory, Forensic Laboratory of the Voivodeship Police Headquarters in Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandMetabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandMetabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, PolandIntroductionAccurate post-mortem interval (PMI) estimation is essential in forensic investigations. Although various methods for PMI determination have been developed, only an approximate estimation is still achievable, and an accurate PMI indication is still challenging. Therefore, in this study, we employed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics to assess post-mortem changes in porcine blood samples collected with and without the addition of anticoagulant (EDTA). Our study aimed to identify metabolites dependent on the EDTA addition and time (taking into account the biodiversity of the studied organism) and those that are time−dependent but resistant to the addition of an anticoagulant.MethodsThe experiment was performed on blood samples collected from 16 animals (domestic pig, breed: Polish Large White), 8 with and 8 without EDTA addition. The moment of death (time 0) and 15 additional time points (from 3 to 168 h after death) were selected to examine changes in metabolites’ levels in specific time intervals. We employed linear mixed models to study the relationship between metabolite intensities, time and presence of EDTA while accounting for the effect of individual pigs.Results and DiscussionWe confirmed that the intensity of 16 metabolites (mainly amino acids) significantly depends on PMI and the presence of EDTA. However, the intensity of the ideal biomarker(s) for PMI estimation should be determined only by the time after death and not by external factors such as the presence of the anticoagulant agent. Thus, we identified 41 metabolites with time−dependent intensities that were not susceptible to EDTA presence. Finally, we assessed the performance of these metabolites in a PMI predictive model. Citraconic acid yielded one of the lowest errors in general PMI estimation (32.82 h). Moreover, similar errors were observed for samples with and without EDTA (33.32 h and 32.34 h, respectively). Although the small sample size and information leak in predictive modelling prevent drawing definite conclusions, citraconic acid shows potential as a robust PMI estimator.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2024.1400622/fullpost-mortem interval (PMI)animal modelblood biomarkersmetabolomicsGC-MS |
| spellingShingle | Patrycja Mojsak Paulina Samczuk Paulina Samczuk Paulina Klimaszewska Michal Burdukiewicz Michal Burdukiewicz Jaroslaw Chilimoniuk Krystyna Grzesiak Krystyna Grzesiak Karolina Pietrowska Justyna Ciborowska Anna Niemcunowicz-Janica Adam Kretowski Adam Kretowski Michal Ciborowski Michal Ciborowski Michal Szeremeta Comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on PMI estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using GC-MS Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences post-mortem interval (PMI) animal model blood biomarkers metabolomics GC-MS |
| title | Comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on PMI estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using GC-MS |
| title_full | Comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on PMI estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using GC-MS |
| title_fullStr | Comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on PMI estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using GC-MS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on PMI estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using GC-MS |
| title_short | Comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on PMI estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using GC-MS |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of anticoagulant influence on pmi estimation based on porcine blood metabolomics profile measured using gc ms |
| topic | post-mortem interval (PMI) animal model blood biomarkers metabolomics GC-MS |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2024.1400622/full |
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