XGBoost–random forest stacking with dual-state Kalman filtering for real-time battery SOC estimation
Accurate real-time state-of-charge estimation remains a bottleneck for e-bike battery management because firmware must deliver sub-Image 1 updates while drawing less than Image 2. Classical observers drift under sensor bias, and purely data-driven models exceed the timing and memory ceilings of low-...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Results in Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123025024971 |
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