Mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularities
This research aims to model cardiac pulse wave reflections due to the presence of arterial irregularities such as bifurcations, stiff arteries, stenoses or aneurysms. When an arterial pressure wave encounters an irregularity, a backward reflected wave travels upstream in the artery and a forward wav...
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| Language: | English |
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AIMS Press
2018-09-01
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| Series: | Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2018047 |
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| author | Alexandre Cornet |
| author_facet | Alexandre Cornet |
| author_sort | Alexandre Cornet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research aims to model cardiac pulse wave reflections due to the presence of arterial irregularities such as bifurcations, stiff arteries, stenoses or aneurysms. When an arterial pressure wave encounters an irregularity, a backward reflected wave travels upstream in the artery and a forward wave is transmitted downstream. The same process occurs at each subsequent irregularity, leading to the generation of multiple waves. An iterative algorithm is developed and applied to pathological scenarios to predict the pressure waveform of the reflected wave due to the presence of successive arterial irregularities. For an isolated stenosis, analysing the reflected pressure waveform gives information on its severity. The presence of a bifurcation after a stenosis tends do diminish the amplitude of the reflected wave, as bifurcations' reflection coefficients are relatively small compared to the ones of stenoses or aneurysms. In the case of two stenoses in series, local extrema are observed in the reflected pressure waveform which appears to be a characteristic of stenoses in series along an individual artery. Finally, we model a progressive change in stiffness in the vessel's wall and observe that the less the gradient stiffness is important, the weaker is the reflected wave. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-30723c431bd94cd78fd7be59a87975c2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1551-0018 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | AIMS Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-30723c431bd94cd78fd7be59a87975c22025-01-24T02:41:02ZengAIMS PressMathematical Biosciences and Engineering1551-00182018-09-011551055107610.3934/mbe.2018047Mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularitiesAlexandre Cornet0Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW72AZ, United KingdomThis research aims to model cardiac pulse wave reflections due to the presence of arterial irregularities such as bifurcations, stiff arteries, stenoses or aneurysms. When an arterial pressure wave encounters an irregularity, a backward reflected wave travels upstream in the artery and a forward wave is transmitted downstream. The same process occurs at each subsequent irregularity, leading to the generation of multiple waves. An iterative algorithm is developed and applied to pathological scenarios to predict the pressure waveform of the reflected wave due to the presence of successive arterial irregularities. For an isolated stenosis, analysing the reflected pressure waveform gives information on its severity. The presence of a bifurcation after a stenosis tends do diminish the amplitude of the reflected wave, as bifurcations' reflection coefficients are relatively small compared to the ones of stenoses or aneurysms. In the case of two stenoses in series, local extrema are observed in the reflected pressure waveform which appears to be a characteristic of stenoses in series along an individual artery. Finally, we model a progressive change in stiffness in the vessel's wall and observe that the less the gradient stiffness is important, the weaker is the reflected wave.https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2018047arterial irregulartiesblood pressurewave mechanicsmathematical modellingiterative algorithm |
| spellingShingle | Alexandre Cornet Mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularities Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering arterial irregularties blood pressure wave mechanics mathematical modelling iterative algorithm |
| title | Mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularities |
| title_full | Mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularities |
| title_fullStr | Mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularities |
| title_short | Mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularities |
| title_sort | mathematical modelling of cardiac pulse wave reflections due to arterial irregularities |
| topic | arterial irregularties blood pressure wave mechanics mathematical modelling iterative algorithm |
| url | https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2018047 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alexandrecornet mathematicalmodellingofcardiacpulsewavereflectionsduetoarterialirregularities |