Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)
Abstract The Hunga volcano violently erupted on 15 January 2022, producing the largest perturbation of the stratospheric aerosol layer since Pinatubo 1991, despite the initially estimated modest injection of SO2. This study presents novel SO2 and sulfate aerosol (SA) co‐retrievals from the Infrared...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105565 |
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| author | Pasquale Sellitto Richard Siddans Redha Belhadji Elisa Carboni Bernard Legras Aurélien Podglajen Clair Duchamp Brian Kerridge |
| author_facet | Pasquale Sellitto Richard Siddans Redha Belhadji Elisa Carboni Bernard Legras Aurélien Podglajen Clair Duchamp Brian Kerridge |
| author_sort | Pasquale Sellitto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Hunga volcano violently erupted on 15 January 2022, producing the largest perturbation of the stratospheric aerosol layer since Pinatubo 1991, despite the initially estimated modest injection of SO2. This study presents novel SO2 and sulfate aerosol (SA) co‐retrievals from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer, and uses them to quantify the initial progression of the Hunga plume. These observations are consistent with rapid conversion of SO2 (e‐folding time: 17.1 ± 4.3 days) to SA, with an injected burden of >1.0 Tg SO2. This points at larger SO2 injections than previously thought. A long‐lasting SA plume was observed, with two separate build‐up phases, and with a meridional dispersion of marked anomalies from the tropics to the higher southern hemispheric latitudes. A limited (∼20%) SA removal was observed after 1‐year dispersion. The total injected SA mass burden was estimated at 1.6 ± 0.5 Tg in the total atmospheric column, with a build‐up e‐folding time of about 2 months. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3071ddcedcab4df89d211d5207d4e70c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-3071ddcedcab4df89d211d5207d4e70c2025-08-20T02:45:43ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072024-10-015119n/an/a10.1029/2023GL105565Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI)Pasquale Sellitto0Richard Siddans1Redha Belhadji2Elisa Carboni3Bernard Legras4Aurélien Podglajen5Clair Duchamp6Brian Kerridge7Univ Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité CNRS LISA Créteil FranceNational Centre for Earth Observation STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton UKUniv Paris Est Creteil and Université Paris Cité CNRS LISA Créteil FranceNational Centre for Earth Observation STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton UKLaboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD‐IPSL) CNRS Sorbonne Université ENS‐PSL École Polytechnique Paris FranceLaboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD‐IPSL) CNRS Sorbonne Université ENS‐PSL École Polytechnique Paris FranceLaboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD‐IPSL) CNRS Sorbonne Université ENS‐PSL École Polytechnique Paris FranceNational Centre for Earth Observation STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton UKAbstract The Hunga volcano violently erupted on 15 January 2022, producing the largest perturbation of the stratospheric aerosol layer since Pinatubo 1991, despite the initially estimated modest injection of SO2. This study presents novel SO2 and sulfate aerosol (SA) co‐retrievals from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer, and uses them to quantify the initial progression of the Hunga plume. These observations are consistent with rapid conversion of SO2 (e‐folding time: 17.1 ± 4.3 days) to SA, with an injected burden of >1.0 Tg SO2. This points at larger SO2 injections than previously thought. A long‐lasting SA plume was observed, with two separate build‐up phases, and with a meridional dispersion of marked anomalies from the tropics to the higher southern hemispheric latitudes. A limited (∼20%) SA removal was observed after 1‐year dispersion. The total injected SA mass burden was estimated at 1.6 ± 0.5 Tg in the total atmospheric column, with a build‐up e‐folding time of about 2 months.https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105565volcanic plumessulfur cyclesatellite observationsvolcanic aerosols |
| spellingShingle | Pasquale Sellitto Richard Siddans Redha Belhadji Elisa Carboni Bernard Legras Aurélien Podglajen Clair Duchamp Brian Kerridge Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) Geophysical Research Letters volcanic plumes sulfur cycle satellite observations volcanic aerosols |
| title | Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) |
| title_full | Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) |
| title_fullStr | Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) |
| title_short | Observing the SO2 and Sulfate Aerosol Plumes From the 2022 Hunga Eruption With the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) |
| title_sort | observing the so2 and sulfate aerosol plumes from the 2022 hunga eruption with the infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer iasi |
| topic | volcanic plumes sulfur cycle satellite observations volcanic aerosols |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105565 |
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