Healthy vending machines on campus: the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choices

Abstract Objective: To investigate whether the introduction of healthy vending machines on a university campus could increase the proportion of healthy food and beverage purchases. Design: Four new healthy vending machines offering a wider range of healthier food and beverages were installed alo...

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Main Authors: Ryan Calabro, Eva Kemps, Ivanka Prichard, Marika Tiggemann
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2025-01-01
Series:Public Health Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980025000229/type/journal_article
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author Ryan Calabro
Eva Kemps
Ivanka Prichard
Marika Tiggemann
author_facet Ryan Calabro
Eva Kemps
Ivanka Prichard
Marika Tiggemann
author_sort Ryan Calabro
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective: To investigate whether the introduction of healthy vending machines on a university campus could increase the proportion of healthy food and beverage purchases. Design: Four new healthy vending machines offering a wider range of healthier food and beverages were installed alongside existing machines. These new machines used traffic light colours to indicate nutritional value. A year after their installation, a traffic light text guide and colourful wrap were added to the new machines. χ 2 tests were used to assess significant differences in the sales of green (healthy), amber or red (unhealthy) items from healthy and existing vending machines across the 3 years (2021–2023). Setting: The study was conducted on a university campus where the new healthy vending machines were installed. Participants: Participants of this study were the consumers who purchased items from the vending machines on the university campus. Results: The results indicated a shift towards healthier purchases following the introduction of the healthy vending machines. The addition of the traffic light text guide and colourful wrap further reduced unhealthy purchases, although this change was small. Sales from the existing vending machines did not meaningfully decrease, and any reductions were more than replaced by sales from the new healthy vending machines. Conclusions: The study concluded that by providing healthier options and guiding consumers towards these options, the vending machine programme offers a promising pathway towards promoting healthier food and beverage choices from vending machines on university campuses.
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publishDate 2025-01-01
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spelling doaj-art-303ddb8dc21a49a3bd0222d32c47a11e2025-08-20T03:06:44ZengCambridge University PressPublic Health Nutrition1368-98001475-27272025-01-012810.1017/S1368980025000229Healthy vending machines on campus: the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choicesRyan Calabro0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9082-0472Eva Kemps1Ivanka Prichard2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-9129Marika Tiggemann3Psychology, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, AustraliaPsychology, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, AustraliaHealth & Exercise Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, AustraliaPsychology, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia Abstract Objective: To investigate whether the introduction of healthy vending machines on a university campus could increase the proportion of healthy food and beverage purchases. Design: Four new healthy vending machines offering a wider range of healthier food and beverages were installed alongside existing machines. These new machines used traffic light colours to indicate nutritional value. A year after their installation, a traffic light text guide and colourful wrap were added to the new machines. χ 2 tests were used to assess significant differences in the sales of green (healthy), amber or red (unhealthy) items from healthy and existing vending machines across the 3 years (2021–2023). Setting: The study was conducted on a university campus where the new healthy vending machines were installed. Participants: Participants of this study were the consumers who purchased items from the vending machines on the university campus. Results: The results indicated a shift towards healthier purchases following the introduction of the healthy vending machines. The addition of the traffic light text guide and colourful wrap further reduced unhealthy purchases, although this change was small. Sales from the existing vending machines did not meaningfully decrease, and any reductions were more than replaced by sales from the new healthy vending machines. Conclusions: The study concluded that by providing healthier options and guiding consumers towards these options, the vending machine programme offers a promising pathway towards promoting healthier food and beverage choices from vending machines on university campuses. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980025000229/type/journal_articleVending machineFood and beverage choicesTraffic light systemIncreased healthy rangeCampus study
spellingShingle Ryan Calabro
Eva Kemps
Ivanka Prichard
Marika Tiggemann
Healthy vending machines on campus: the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choices
Public Health Nutrition
Vending machine
Food and beverage choices
Traffic light system
Increased healthy range
Campus study
title Healthy vending machines on campus: the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choices
title_full Healthy vending machines on campus: the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choices
title_fullStr Healthy vending machines on campus: the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choices
title_full_unstemmed Healthy vending machines on campus: the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choices
title_short Healthy vending machines on campus: the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choices
title_sort healthy vending machines on campus the effect of traffic light labelling on food and beverage choices
topic Vending machine
Food and beverage choices
Traffic light system
Increased healthy range
Campus study
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980025000229/type/journal_article
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AT evakemps healthyvendingmachinesoncampustheeffectoftrafficlightlabellingonfoodandbeveragechoices
AT ivankaprichard healthyvendingmachinesoncampustheeffectoftrafficlightlabellingonfoodandbeveragechoices
AT marikatiggemann healthyvendingmachinesoncampustheeffectoftrafficlightlabellingonfoodandbeveragechoices