The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Abstract Objective The relationship between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), aimed to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and OA. Methods A cross-s...

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Main Authors: Xiaofeng Lv, Xinmin Deng, Rui Lai, Shanshan Liu, Zihao Zou, Xuechun Dai, Yalan Luo, Qiang Yuan, Ying Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-05625-2
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author Xiaofeng Lv
Xinmin Deng
Rui Lai
Shanshan Liu
Zihao Zou
Xuechun Dai
Yalan Luo
Qiang Yuan
Ying Li
author_facet Xiaofeng Lv
Xinmin Deng
Rui Lai
Shanshan Liu
Zihao Zou
Xuechun Dai
Yalan Luo
Qiang Yuan
Ying Li
author_sort Xiaofeng Lv
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective The relationship between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), aimed to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and OA. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using NHANES data from 1999 to 2018 to assess the association between dietary fiber intake and OA. Univariate and multivariate weighted logistic regression models, along with restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves, were used to evaluate the relationship. Results A total of 30,620 participants were included in this study, of whom 1,864 were diagnosed with OA, yielding a prevalence of 5.74%. Multivariate weighted logistic regression revealed a consistent inverse association between dietary fiber intake and OA (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99, P = 0.018). When dietary fiber was treated as a categorical variable, the highest quartile of intake (Q4) was associated with a 27% lower risk of OA compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58–0.92, P = 0.007). The RCS analysis indicated a non-linear association between dietary fiber intake and OA risk (non-linear P = 0.013). The threshold effect interval suggested that dietary fiber intake in the range of 14.4–26.7 g was associated with a reduced risk of OA, while intake above this level did not provide significant additional protection. Conclusion The findings demonstrate a negative linear association between dietary fiber intake and OA risk. Increasing dietary fiber consumption may reduce the risk of OA, offering potential strategies for its prevention and management. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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spelling doaj-art-2fe83226360f4b6b94da7a5b7079f1202025-08-20T02:01:33ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2025-02-0120111110.1186/s13018-025-05625-2The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyXiaofeng Lv0Xinmin Deng1Rui Lai2Shanshan Liu3Zihao Zou4Xuechun Dai5Yalan Luo6Qiang Yuan7Ying Li8School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineSchool of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineSichuan Integrative Medicine Hospital, ChengduSchool of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineSchool of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineSchool of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineSchool of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineAbstract Objective The relationship between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), aimed to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and OA. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using NHANES data from 1999 to 2018 to assess the association between dietary fiber intake and OA. Univariate and multivariate weighted logistic regression models, along with restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves, were used to evaluate the relationship. Results A total of 30,620 participants were included in this study, of whom 1,864 were diagnosed with OA, yielding a prevalence of 5.74%. Multivariate weighted logistic regression revealed a consistent inverse association between dietary fiber intake and OA (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99, P = 0.018). When dietary fiber was treated as a categorical variable, the highest quartile of intake (Q4) was associated with a 27% lower risk of OA compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58–0.92, P = 0.007). The RCS analysis indicated a non-linear association between dietary fiber intake and OA risk (non-linear P = 0.013). The threshold effect interval suggested that dietary fiber intake in the range of 14.4–26.7 g was associated with a reduced risk of OA, while intake above this level did not provide significant additional protection. Conclusion The findings demonstrate a negative linear association between dietary fiber intake and OA risk. Increasing dietary fiber consumption may reduce the risk of OA, offering potential strategies for its prevention and management. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-05625-2Dietary fibeOsteoarthritisNHANESCross-sectional studyRCS
spellingShingle Xiaofeng Lv
Xinmin Deng
Rui Lai
Shanshan Liu
Zihao Zou
Xuechun Dai
Yalan Luo
Qiang Yuan
Ying Li
The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
Dietary fibe
Osteoarthritis
NHANES
Cross-sectional study
RCS
title The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
title_full The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
title_fullStr The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
title_full_unstemmed The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
title_short The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999–2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
title_sort association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis a cross sectional study from the 1999 2018 u s national health and nutrition examination survey
topic Dietary fibe
Osteoarthritis
NHANES
Cross-sectional study
RCS
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-025-05625-2
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