Effect of Two-Stage Water Addition on Consistency of Processed Cheese: Physicochemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Organoleptic Approach

The current study investigated the impact of two-stage water addition on the selected properties of processed cheese (PC). In particular, the above-mentioned novel approach involved adding water in two stages during the PC manufacturing process. The effects of this process on the physicochemical, vi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Anna Vincová, Martina Polášková, Martin Stěnička, Kristýna Šantová, Vendula Kůrová, Barbora Lapčíková, Tomáš Gryger, Eva Lorencová, Zuzana Lazárková, Agnieszka Pluta-Kubica, Markéta Pětová, Ondřej Novosad, Richardos Nikolaos Salek
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/8/1361
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849713866069508096
author Anna Vincová
Martina Polášková
Martin Stěnička
Kristýna Šantová
Vendula Kůrová
Barbora Lapčíková
Tomáš Gryger
Eva Lorencová
Zuzana Lazárková
Agnieszka Pluta-Kubica
Markéta Pětová
Ondřej Novosad
Richardos Nikolaos Salek
author_facet Anna Vincová
Martina Polášková
Martin Stěnička
Kristýna Šantová
Vendula Kůrová
Barbora Lapčíková
Tomáš Gryger
Eva Lorencová
Zuzana Lazárková
Agnieszka Pluta-Kubica
Markéta Pětová
Ondřej Novosad
Richardos Nikolaos Salek
author_sort Anna Vincová
collection DOAJ
description The current study investigated the impact of two-stage water addition on the selected properties of processed cheese (PC). In particular, the above-mentioned novel approach involved adding water in two stages during the PC manufacturing process. The effects of this process on the physicochemical, viscoelastic, textural, tribological, thermal, and organoleptic properties of PC were evaluated. For all examined PC samples, the elastic modulus consistently dominated over the viscous modulus (<i>G</i>′ > <i>G</i>″) across the entire frequency range. Moreover, it was observed that a smaller amount of initial water addition during the melting process resulted in a slight increase in the values of both viscoelastic moduli. The control sample exhibited the lowest lightness values, while it also showed the highest level of yellow coloring, suggesting that the two-stage addition of water affected the color of the PC samples. The results showed that the two-stage addition of water significantly influenced the physicochemical, viscoelastic, textural, tribological, thermal, and organoleptic properties of PC, leading to a modified texture, and thermal stability. Moreover, firmer PC products were obtained when a greater initial water level (first dosage; in the range of 60 to 90%) was utilized. This study could provide valuable information on the development of high-quality PC products with tailored functional properties, which can be important for the dairy industry.
format Article
id doaj-art-2fd86179e6d942febe0ca3cdbf983612
institution DOAJ
issn 2304-8158
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Foods
spelling doaj-art-2fd86179e6d942febe0ca3cdbf9836122025-08-20T03:13:51ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582025-04-01148136110.3390/foods14081361Effect of Two-Stage Water Addition on Consistency of Processed Cheese: Physicochemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Organoleptic ApproachAnna Vincová0Martina Polášková1Martin Stěnička2Kristýna Šantová3Vendula Kůrová4Barbora Lapčíková5Tomáš Gryger6Eva Lorencová7Zuzana Lazárková8Agnieszka Pluta-Kubica9Markéta Pětová10Ondřej Novosad11Richardos Nikolaos Salek12Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicDepartment of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicCentre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicDepartment of Animal Product Processing, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Logistics, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defense, Kounicova 65, 662 10 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Logistics, Faculty of Military Leadership, University of Defense, Kounicova 65, 662 10 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Nám. T. G. Masaryka 5555, 760 01 Zlin, Czech RepublicThe current study investigated the impact of two-stage water addition on the selected properties of processed cheese (PC). In particular, the above-mentioned novel approach involved adding water in two stages during the PC manufacturing process. The effects of this process on the physicochemical, viscoelastic, textural, tribological, thermal, and organoleptic properties of PC were evaluated. For all examined PC samples, the elastic modulus consistently dominated over the viscous modulus (<i>G</i>′ > <i>G</i>″) across the entire frequency range. Moreover, it was observed that a smaller amount of initial water addition during the melting process resulted in a slight increase in the values of both viscoelastic moduli. The control sample exhibited the lowest lightness values, while it also showed the highest level of yellow coloring, suggesting that the two-stage addition of water affected the color of the PC samples. The results showed that the two-stage addition of water significantly influenced the physicochemical, viscoelastic, textural, tribological, thermal, and organoleptic properties of PC, leading to a modified texture, and thermal stability. Moreover, firmer PC products were obtained when a greater initial water level (first dosage; in the range of 60 to 90%) was utilized. This study could provide valuable information on the development of high-quality PC products with tailored functional properties, which can be important for the dairy industry.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/8/1361processed cheesewater additionviscoelastic propertiestextural propertiestribological propertiesthermal properties
spellingShingle Anna Vincová
Martina Polášková
Martin Stěnička
Kristýna Šantová
Vendula Kůrová
Barbora Lapčíková
Tomáš Gryger
Eva Lorencová
Zuzana Lazárková
Agnieszka Pluta-Kubica
Markéta Pětová
Ondřej Novosad
Richardos Nikolaos Salek
Effect of Two-Stage Water Addition on Consistency of Processed Cheese: Physicochemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Organoleptic Approach
Foods
processed cheese
water addition
viscoelastic properties
textural properties
tribological properties
thermal properties
title Effect of Two-Stage Water Addition on Consistency of Processed Cheese: Physicochemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Organoleptic Approach
title_full Effect of Two-Stage Water Addition on Consistency of Processed Cheese: Physicochemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Organoleptic Approach
title_fullStr Effect of Two-Stage Water Addition on Consistency of Processed Cheese: Physicochemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Organoleptic Approach
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Two-Stage Water Addition on Consistency of Processed Cheese: Physicochemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Organoleptic Approach
title_short Effect of Two-Stage Water Addition on Consistency of Processed Cheese: Physicochemical, Mechanical, Thermal, and Organoleptic Approach
title_sort effect of two stage water addition on consistency of processed cheese physicochemical mechanical thermal and organoleptic approach
topic processed cheese
water addition
viscoelastic properties
textural properties
tribological properties
thermal properties
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/8/1361
work_keys_str_mv AT annavincova effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT martinapolaskova effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT martinstenicka effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT kristynasantova effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT vendulakurova effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT barboralapcikova effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT tomasgryger effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT evalorencova effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT zuzanalazarkova effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT agnieszkaplutakubica effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT marketapetova effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT ondrejnovosad effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach
AT richardosnikolaossalek effectoftwostagewateradditiononconsistencyofprocessedcheesephysicochemicalmechanicalthermalandorganolepticapproach