Tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in Colombia, 2021.
<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the baseline to measure one of the three indicators of the World Health Organization (WHO) End TB strategy (2015-2035), measure the costs incurred by patients affected by tuberculosis (TB) during a treatment episode and estimate the proportion of households...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2024-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0296250&type=printable |
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| author | Oscar Andrés Cruz Martínez Ingrid García Gloria Mercedes Puerto Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk Martha Patricia López Juan Carlos Moreno Cubides Ángela María Sánchez Salazar Julián Trujillo Trujillo Claudia Marcela Castro-Osorio Vivian Vanessa Rubio Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela Ernesto Montoro Peter Nguhiu Inés García Baena |
| author_facet | Oscar Andrés Cruz Martínez Ingrid García Gloria Mercedes Puerto Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk Martha Patricia López Juan Carlos Moreno Cubides Ángela María Sánchez Salazar Julián Trujillo Trujillo Claudia Marcela Castro-Osorio Vivian Vanessa Rubio Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela Ernesto Montoro Peter Nguhiu Inés García Baena |
| author_sort | Oscar Andrés Cruz Martínez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the baseline to measure one of the three indicators of the World Health Organization (WHO) End TB strategy (2015-2035), measure the costs incurred by patients affected by tuberculosis (TB) during a treatment episode and estimate the proportion of households facing catastrophic costs (CC) and associated risk factors, in Colombia, 2021.<h4>Material and methods</h4>A nationally representative cross-sectional survey was conducted among participants on TB treatment in Colombia, using telephone interviews due to the exceptional context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey collected household costs (direct [medical and non-medical out-of-pocket expenses] and indirect) over an episode of TB, loss of time, coping measures, self-reported income, and asset ownership. Total costs were expressed as a proportion of annual household income and analyzed for risk factors of CC (defined as costs above 20% annual household income).<h4>Results</h4>The proportion of TB-affected households incurring in costs above 20% annual household income (CC) was 51.7% (95%CI: 45.4-58.0) overall, 51.3% (95%CI: 44.9-57.7) among patients with drug-sensitive (DS) TB, and 65.0% (95%CI: 48.0-82.0) among drug-resistant (DR). The average patient cost of a TB case in Colombia was $1,218 (95%CI 1,106-1,330) including $860.9 (95%CI 776.1-945.7) for non-medical costs, $339 (95%CI 257-421) for the indirect costs, and $18.1 (95%CI 11.9-24.4) for the medical costs. The factors that influenced the probability of facing CC were income quintile, job loss, DR-TB patient, and TB type.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Main cost drivers for CC were non-medical out-of-pocket expenses and income loss (indirect costs). Current social protection programs ought to be expanded to mitigate the proportion of TB-affected households facing CC in Colombia, especially those with lower income levels. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2fd69675ac814c1eabdb317ea4e15d07 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-2fd69675ac814c1eabdb317ea4e15d072025-08-20T03:25:18ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032024-01-01194e029625010.1371/journal.pone.0296250Tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in Colombia, 2021.Oscar Andrés Cruz MartínezIngrid GarcíaGloria Mercedes PuertoNelson J Alvis-ZakzukMartha Patricia LópezJuan Carlos Moreno CubidesÁngela María Sánchez SalazarJulián Trujillo TrujilloClaudia Marcela Castro-OsorioVivian Vanessa RubioCarlos Castañeda-OrjuelaErnesto MontoroPeter NguhiuInés García Baena<h4>Objective</h4>To estimate the baseline to measure one of the three indicators of the World Health Organization (WHO) End TB strategy (2015-2035), measure the costs incurred by patients affected by tuberculosis (TB) during a treatment episode and estimate the proportion of households facing catastrophic costs (CC) and associated risk factors, in Colombia, 2021.<h4>Material and methods</h4>A nationally representative cross-sectional survey was conducted among participants on TB treatment in Colombia, using telephone interviews due to the exceptional context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey collected household costs (direct [medical and non-medical out-of-pocket expenses] and indirect) over an episode of TB, loss of time, coping measures, self-reported income, and asset ownership. Total costs were expressed as a proportion of annual household income and analyzed for risk factors of CC (defined as costs above 20% annual household income).<h4>Results</h4>The proportion of TB-affected households incurring in costs above 20% annual household income (CC) was 51.7% (95%CI: 45.4-58.0) overall, 51.3% (95%CI: 44.9-57.7) among patients with drug-sensitive (DS) TB, and 65.0% (95%CI: 48.0-82.0) among drug-resistant (DR). The average patient cost of a TB case in Colombia was $1,218 (95%CI 1,106-1,330) including $860.9 (95%CI 776.1-945.7) for non-medical costs, $339 (95%CI 257-421) for the indirect costs, and $18.1 (95%CI 11.9-24.4) for the medical costs. The factors that influenced the probability of facing CC were income quintile, job loss, DR-TB patient, and TB type.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Main cost drivers for CC were non-medical out-of-pocket expenses and income loss (indirect costs). Current social protection programs ought to be expanded to mitigate the proportion of TB-affected households facing CC in Colombia, especially those with lower income levels.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0296250&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Oscar Andrés Cruz Martínez Ingrid García Gloria Mercedes Puerto Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk Martha Patricia López Juan Carlos Moreno Cubides Ángela María Sánchez Salazar Julián Trujillo Trujillo Claudia Marcela Castro-Osorio Vivian Vanessa Rubio Carlos Castañeda-Orjuela Ernesto Montoro Peter Nguhiu Inés García Baena Tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in Colombia, 2021. PLoS ONE |
| title | Tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in Colombia, 2021. |
| title_full | Tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in Colombia, 2021. |
| title_fullStr | Tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in Colombia, 2021. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in Colombia, 2021. |
| title_short | Tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in Colombia, 2021. |
| title_sort | tuberculosis patients face high treatment support costs in colombia 2021 |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0296250&type=printable |
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