Genome-Wide Association Study Pinpoints Novel Candidate Genes Associated with the Gestation Length of the First Parity in French Large White Sows

Gestation length (GL) is a critical indicator of reproductive performance in sows and is closely associated with other reproductive traits, such as total number born (TNB) and number born alive (NBA). Despite its importance, the genetic mechanisms underlying GL and its impact on reproductive traits...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dongdong Duan, Shenping Zhou, Zhenyu Wang, Chuanmin Qiao, Jinyi Han, Mengyu Li, Hao Zhou, Xinjian Li, Wenshui Xin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/3/447
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850068159036391424
author Dongdong Duan
Shenping Zhou
Zhenyu Wang
Chuanmin Qiao
Jinyi Han
Mengyu Li
Hao Zhou
Xinjian Li
Wenshui Xin
author_facet Dongdong Duan
Shenping Zhou
Zhenyu Wang
Chuanmin Qiao
Jinyi Han
Mengyu Li
Hao Zhou
Xinjian Li
Wenshui Xin
author_sort Dongdong Duan
collection DOAJ
description Gestation length (GL) is a critical indicator of reproductive performance in sows and is closely associated with other reproductive traits, such as total number born (TNB) and number born alive (NBA). Despite its importance, the genetic mechanisms underlying GL and its impact on reproductive traits remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between GL and reproductive traits using 7013 farrowing records and conducted an imputed whole-genome sequence-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) for GL in first-parity sows, involving 3005 French Large White sows. Our findings revealed that the heritability of GL ranged from 0.22 to 0.26. Both excessively short and long GLs were associated with negative impacts on TNB, NBA, and other reproductive traits. A total of 64 SNPs exceeded the significance threshold, leading to the identification of two novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosome 5 (QTL-1: 15.29–15.39 Mb and QTL-2: 12.86–12.94 Mb) and three promising candidate genes: <i>TROAP</i>, <i>RFX4</i>, and <i>ADCY6</i>. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that these candidate genes are enriched in key biological processes, including ovarian steroidogenesis, the GnRH signaling pathway, and the regulation of cAMP biosynthesis, all of which are crucial for gestation and pregnancy maintenance. These findings improve our understanding of the genetic architecture of GL in sows and offer valuable genetic markers for enhancing reproductive efficiency in breeding programs.
format Article
id doaj-art-2fd3315bba8c4e1db415d9bd560d2d5b
institution DOAJ
issn 2076-2615
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Animals
spelling doaj-art-2fd3315bba8c4e1db415d9bd560d2d5b2025-08-20T02:48:09ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-02-0115344710.3390/ani15030447Genome-Wide Association Study Pinpoints Novel Candidate Genes Associated with the Gestation Length of the First Parity in French Large White SowsDongdong Duan0Shenping Zhou1Zhenyu Wang2Chuanmin Qiao3Jinyi Han4Mengyu Li5Hao Zhou6Xinjian Li7Wenshui Xin8Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaSanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, ChinaGestation length (GL) is a critical indicator of reproductive performance in sows and is closely associated with other reproductive traits, such as total number born (TNB) and number born alive (NBA). Despite its importance, the genetic mechanisms underlying GL and its impact on reproductive traits remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the relationship between GL and reproductive traits using 7013 farrowing records and conducted an imputed whole-genome sequence-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) for GL in first-parity sows, involving 3005 French Large White sows. Our findings revealed that the heritability of GL ranged from 0.22 to 0.26. Both excessively short and long GLs were associated with negative impacts on TNB, NBA, and other reproductive traits. A total of 64 SNPs exceeded the significance threshold, leading to the identification of two novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosome 5 (QTL-1: 15.29–15.39 Mb and QTL-2: 12.86–12.94 Mb) and three promising candidate genes: <i>TROAP</i>, <i>RFX4</i>, and <i>ADCY6</i>. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that these candidate genes are enriched in key biological processes, including ovarian steroidogenesis, the GnRH signaling pathway, and the regulation of cAMP biosynthesis, all of which are crucial for gestation and pregnancy maintenance. These findings improve our understanding of the genetic architecture of GL in sows and offer valuable genetic markers for enhancing reproductive efficiency in breeding programs.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/3/447gestation lengthnovel QTLsnovel genesFrench Large White sows
spellingShingle Dongdong Duan
Shenping Zhou
Zhenyu Wang
Chuanmin Qiao
Jinyi Han
Mengyu Li
Hao Zhou
Xinjian Li
Wenshui Xin
Genome-Wide Association Study Pinpoints Novel Candidate Genes Associated with the Gestation Length of the First Parity in French Large White Sows
Animals
gestation length
novel QTLs
novel genes
French Large White sows
title Genome-Wide Association Study Pinpoints Novel Candidate Genes Associated with the Gestation Length of the First Parity in French Large White Sows
title_full Genome-Wide Association Study Pinpoints Novel Candidate Genes Associated with the Gestation Length of the First Parity in French Large White Sows
title_fullStr Genome-Wide Association Study Pinpoints Novel Candidate Genes Associated with the Gestation Length of the First Parity in French Large White Sows
title_full_unstemmed Genome-Wide Association Study Pinpoints Novel Candidate Genes Associated with the Gestation Length of the First Parity in French Large White Sows
title_short Genome-Wide Association Study Pinpoints Novel Candidate Genes Associated with the Gestation Length of the First Parity in French Large White Sows
title_sort genome wide association study pinpoints novel candidate genes associated with the gestation length of the first parity in french large white sows
topic gestation length
novel QTLs
novel genes
French Large White sows
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/3/447
work_keys_str_mv AT dongdongduan genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows
AT shenpingzhou genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows
AT zhenyuwang genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows
AT chuanminqiao genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows
AT jinyihan genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows
AT mengyuli genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows
AT haozhou genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows
AT xinjianli genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows
AT wenshuixin genomewideassociationstudypinpointsnovelcandidategenesassociatedwiththegestationlengthofthefirstparityinfrenchlargewhitesows