Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Plant-based diets are associated with reduced CVD risk factors. This study aimed to explore the associations between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and asymmetric dimethylar...
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BMC
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Nutrition & Metabolism |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00932-1 |
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| author | Farshad Amirkhizi Mahdiyeh Taghizadeh Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki Somayyeh Asghari |
| author_facet | Farshad Amirkhizi Mahdiyeh Taghizadeh Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki Somayyeh Asghari |
| author_sort | Farshad Amirkhizi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Plant-based diets are associated with reduced CVD risk factors. This study aimed to explore the associations between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), lipid profile, atherogenic indices, and other metabolic biomarkers in women with PCOS. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 150 females aged 18–45 years diagnosed with PCOS were recruited. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was applied to gather the relevant demographic characteristics, detailed clinical information, and lifestyle habits of participants. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake, and DPI was calculated accordingly. We used multiple linear regression to determine the association between serum concentrations of ADMA, total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), fasting serum glucose (FSG), insulin, and lipid profile, as well as atherogenic indices across quartiles of DPI. Results There was a negative correlation between the DPI and serum levels of ADMA (p-trend = 0.022), triglycerides (TG) (p-trend = 0.003), oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ox-LDL) (p-trend = 0.001), insulin (p-trend = 0.045) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (p-trend = 0.018). Moreover, there was a tendency for visceral adiposity index (VAI) (p-trend = 0.005) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (p-trend = 0.001) to decrease as the quartile categories of DPI increased. No significant regular trend was found for serum levels of FSG, SHBG, total testosterone, other lipid profiles, and lipid accumulation product (LAP). Conclusions These findings suggest that adherence to a phytochemical-rich diet decrease the CVD risk factors in PCOS patients. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1743-7075 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Nutrition & Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj-art-2fca9b294de24b7bade02daf9f83ac892025-08-20T01:49:39ZengBMCNutrition & Metabolism1743-70752025-05-0122111010.1186/s12986-025-00932-1Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndromeFarshad Amirkhizi0Mahdiyeh Taghizadeh1Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki2Somayyeh Asghari3Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Plant-based diets are associated with reduced CVD risk factors. This study aimed to explore the associations between dietary phytochemical index (DPI) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), lipid profile, atherogenic indices, and other metabolic biomarkers in women with PCOS. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 150 females aged 18–45 years diagnosed with PCOS were recruited. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was applied to gather the relevant demographic characteristics, detailed clinical information, and lifestyle habits of participants. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake, and DPI was calculated accordingly. We used multiple linear regression to determine the association between serum concentrations of ADMA, total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), fasting serum glucose (FSG), insulin, and lipid profile, as well as atherogenic indices across quartiles of DPI. Results There was a negative correlation between the DPI and serum levels of ADMA (p-trend = 0.022), triglycerides (TG) (p-trend = 0.003), oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ox-LDL) (p-trend = 0.001), insulin (p-trend = 0.045) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (p-trend = 0.018). Moreover, there was a tendency for visceral adiposity index (VAI) (p-trend = 0.005) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (p-trend = 0.001) to decrease as the quartile categories of DPI increased. No significant regular trend was found for serum levels of FSG, SHBG, total testosterone, other lipid profiles, and lipid accumulation product (LAP). Conclusions These findings suggest that adherence to a phytochemical-rich diet decrease the CVD risk factors in PCOS patients.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00932-1Polycystic ovary syndromeDietary phytochemical indexAtherogenic indicesAsymmetric dimethylarginine |
| spellingShingle | Farshad Amirkhizi Mahdiyeh Taghizadeh Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki Somayyeh Asghari Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome Nutrition & Metabolism Polycystic ovary syndrome Dietary phytochemical index Atherogenic indices Asymmetric dimethylarginine |
| title | Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| title_full | Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| title_fullStr | Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| title_short | Association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers, serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| title_sort | association of dietary phytochemical index with metabolic markers serum asymmetric dimethylarginine and atherogenic indices in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome |
| topic | Polycystic ovary syndrome Dietary phytochemical index Atherogenic indices Asymmetric dimethylarginine |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00932-1 |
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